1. Unit 4
A Garden of Poems

2. Warming up

3. Little Star by Jane Taylor (1806)
Suggested answers for Question 1, P25
Little Star by Jane Taylor (1806)
Twinkle, twinkle, little star,
How I wonder what you are!
Up above the world so high,
Like a diamond in the sky.
When the blazing sun is gone,
When nothing shines upon,
Then you show your little light,
Twinkle, twinkle, all the night.
Twinkle, twinkle, little star,
How I wonder what you are!
Then the traveler in the dark,
Thanks you for your tiny spark;
He could not see which way to go,
If you did not twinkle so.

4. 小星星 小小星星亮晶晶， 很想知道你是啥？ 远离人世高高挂， 好象宝石嵌天庭。 整夜不停眨眼睛。 小小星星亮晶晶， 很想知道你是啥？
灿灿太阳西沉去， 阳光不再照大地， 你在天上亮晶晶，
整夜不停眨眼睛。
小小星星亮晶晶， 很想知道你是啥？
沉沉黑夜旅游人， 感谢星星放光彩，
若非你在天上照， 不辨方向路难行。

5. What makes poetry difficult to read:
Suggested answers for Question 2, P25
One of the reasons why people enjoy reading poetry is because of the magic of it, the long-forgotten words you can find in it and the original way of saying things, which makes you think and remember those sentences for a long time.
What makes poetry difficult to read:
Difficult language?
Difficult grammar?
Unusual way poets say things?

6. Read and enjoy the following limericks.
A large lady from Corfu, Wished to travel to Peru But whether buses or trains Or boarding aeroplanes, There wasn’t a door she’d get through.
A teacher from Singapore, Taught at middle school No It didn’t take students long To see something was wrong: The man was as mad as a door!

7. 肥婆来自科福
想要游玩秘鲁,
无奈车门太小
飞机同样不好,
体肥而把门堵.
老师来自新加坡,
四中课堂来讲座.
学生花时不太长,
就已看出事不祥:
原来老师是疯魔!

8. Notes for Question 3, P25
There once was a very fat lady, who wanted to travel from Corfu to Peru. But she was so fat, that she could not get on any bus, train or aero plane. So in fact, she could not go anywhere.
There once was a foreign teacher from Singapore, who came to teach in China, but after a short while the students found out that this man was crazy.

9. Suggested answers for Question 4, P25
The first two lines often have about 7 syllables, the next two lines fewer and the last line more.
The first line always introduces a certain person from a certain place. The second line usually gives some special information or a wish of that person. The third and the fourth lines describe some complication or difficulty and the last line is the punch line; it reveals what’s wrong.

10. There was a young girl from Tianjin
Who was extremely thin
She didn’t drink wine
Wouldn’t breakfast nor dine
And slept in a pencil box tin.
The once was a girl from Nanchang
Who swallowed a phone when it rang
She would smile and reply
To friends asking why?
Why not and she left with a bang.
An old man from southwest Hangdan,
Came home expecting some fun.
But when he went through the door
There was a shout and a roar,
And him coming out at a run.

11. Examples of words and phrases
Suggested answers for Question 5, P25
Category
Examples of words and phrases
Style
Funny serious romantic fantasy love poems
Form
Lines words syllables rhyme rhythm sound
Feeling and meaning
Atmosphere mood differences similarities

12. Listening

13. 2.it’s collection of poems. 3.From 1914 to 1918.
Answers to Exercise 1, P25, Listening
(√ )poem (√ )the sea
(√ )collection (√ )nature
(√ )the World Wars ( )animals
(√ )the countryside (√ )gardens
( )the moon ( )paintings
Answers to Exercise 2,
1.The dialogue is about a girl/student who is looking for some poems to read.
2.it’s collection of poems.
3.From 1914 to 1918.
4.You should not read all the poems but go through them and only read those which you like from looking at the title, the topic or the first or last lines.
5.She likes reading about nature.

14. Answers to Exercise 3, P26.
Sorted by: Names
Sorted by: Period of time
Sorted by: Topic
A Garden of Poems
1001 Songs and Poems in English
English Poems of the Early Seventeenth Century
Poetry between the World Wars
The Earth is Painted Green

15. A Dialogue between a librarian and a student
Hello. Could you help me, please? I want to read some poems L:
Have you read any poetry before? S:
Yes, we read some at school, but I didn’t like it very much. I want to find something nice. L:
There are some different ways to choose a poem. If you have a favorite writer, you can choose a book with his or her poems, but if you don’t know any names, you’d better start with books that are collections of poems. In such books you usually find poems by different writers. You see here’s a book called A Garden of Poems, or this one, 1001 Songs and poems in English

16. S: Should I read all those poems?
No, don’t worry. What most people do is to go through them until you see a poem that you like. Maybe you like the title, or the topic, or you might like the first or last lines of the poem. S:
I see. What else have you got? L:
Some books bring together the work of writers from a certain period of time. You see, English Poems of the Early Seventeenth Century or Poetry between the World Wars. Other books have poems about a certain topic. The topic can be human feelings, such as humor or love. There is also poetry about nature, you can look for poems about flowers, trees and plants or, about the sea or the countryside. So, what would you like to read?

17. S: I don’t know, Shakespeare, maybe?L:
I think Shakespeare is a little bit difficult for you. It’ll be easier if you choose something modern. What kind of topic would you like?
I like reading about nature. S: L:
Have a look at this book. It’s called The Earth is Painted Green. If you have any more questions, you can come and ask me.
Yes, I’ll do that. Thank you very much for your help. S:

18. Speaking

19. Periods Topics Human feelings
What kind of poetry do you want to read?Choose some words from each circle and explain why you would /wouldn’t like to read a poem like that.
Song Dynasty Romantic 18th Century Classical
Modern
Fantasy; The sea Drinking wine World War I Friendship; Pets The countryside Peace; Nature
Du Fu; Li Bai
George Gordon Byron
Periods
Women poets Shakespeare
African American
Robert Frost Japanese John Keats
Love; Death Happiness; Loneliness Sadness; Humour
Topics
Broken hearts
Groups and names
Human feelings

20. Reading

21. Read the text carefully True or False
1.Poetry is quite difficult to write and boring to read.
2.The number of lines and characters in each line is quite important for good poems as well as rhythm and rhyme.
3.William Shakespeare is only famous for his plays.
4.According to the time, the correct order of the poets should be: Shakespeare, Alexander Pope, John Milton, and John Donne.
5.Romantic poems and nature poems are two styles of English poems.
6.We have read English poems since Tang Dynasty.
7.Translating poems into other languages can not only help people to read more but also understand it without losing any spirit.
(F)
(T)
(F)
(F)
(T)
(F)
(F)

22. Main idea for each paragraph:
1.Why we read poetry
2.Chinese poets and poetry
3.Early English poets
4.The 19th century English poets
5.Modern English poets
6.The introduction of English poetry into China
7.Why more people are interested in English poetry

23. Language Points

24. more than 超过,胜过
I know you better than he .
我比他更了解你。
I know you better than him
我对你比对他更了解。
(knows you).
(I know) him.
“more than后面加 any other之类的词” 是一个用比较级表达最高级意思的结构。
The Emperor cared more about new clothes than anything else.皇帝喜欢新衣服胜过一切。
He is taller than any other student in the class.
No one knows more about the history of my hometown than my grandpa.

25. 另外more than结构还可以表达其它的意思。 She is more honest than clever.
与其说她聪明，倒不如说她诚实。
The child was more frightened than hurt.
这孩子的伤倒不算什么，只是受惊了。
It is more a poem than a picture.
与其说是一张画，倒不如说是一首诗。
复习：There are no more than ten students in our class.(只不过，恰好)
There are not more than six hundred workers in that factory.(不多于)

26. play with snow
Stop playing with fire.
Play with a basketball
玩篮球(拿者篮球玩耍)
Play basketball
打篮球(进行篮球运动)

27. call up 唤起，勾起，打电话
The play calls up the memories of my school days.
这出戏引起了我对学生时代的回忆。
I’ll call you up this evening.
stand out 突出，令人注意
His work stands out from that of the others.
他的工作比别人做得出色。

28. feature 特征，特点
Wet weather is a feature of life in Scotland.
What are geographical features of Northern Europe?
feature还可以表示 “面貌的一部分，脸型，相貌” “专辑”
Her mouth is her worst feature.
在她的五官中嘴最难看。
pleasing feature 讨人喜欢的相貌
handsome feature 英俊的相貌
feature story 专题报道
feature film 专题片

29. follow v.跟随,遵循,听从,注视,倾听,领会
Spring follows winter.
冬去春来.
Why didn’t you follow the teacher’s advice?
They followed closely the development of the situation.
他们密切注意形势的发展.
His lecture was difficult to follow.

30. Shakespeare is most famous for his plays.
The story is most interesting.
这个故事很有趣。
This is a most interesting story.
The meeting proceeded in a most friendly atmosphere.
会见在极友好的气氛中进行。

31. belong to… 属于…
This book belongs to me.
It is clear that Taiwan belongs to China.
admire v. 钦佩,羡慕,赞美
I admire him for his courage.
We admired him for his fighting spirit.
我钦佩他的战斗精神.
( )

32. remind sb. of … 提醒某人…, 使某人想起…
This story reminded him of his mother.
这个故事使他想起了他母亲。
The film reminded him of what he had seen in Paris.
remind后面还可以接that从句:
Please remind me that I must call him up before noon.
remind与remember比较:
This reminded her of the miserable days of her youth.
She remembered the miserable days of her youth.

33. absence n. 缺席,不在场
a teacher’s absence from classes 教师的缺课
He is absent from the meeting.
他开会缺席了.
in the absence of… (因)缺乏…
a number of = some or many
a great number of
a large number of
= many

34. Greatly loved in China are the English Romantic poets.
这是一个倒装句，正常的语序为：
The English Romantic poets are greatly loved in China.
有时为了突出表语，句子可以倒装。
Among them was a soldier who was wounded in the stomach.
他们当中有一位胃部受伤的士兵。
Such was the story he told me.

35. lead to “导致，产生”其中to是介词．
Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems.
糖吃得太多会导致疾病．
Health leads to happiness.
Hard work leads to success.

36. no matter后面跟wh-从句,表示 “不管,无论”. 在句中作让步状语.
No matter how busy he is, he is always ready to help others.
No matter what you say, I will not change my mind.
No matter when you leave the room, don’t forget to turn off the gas.
不论你什么时候离开房间, 不要忘记把煤气关掉.

37. You are opening the door to trouble by hitchhiking. 你搭车会带来麻烦的。
.   7.   open the door to```译为“打开``````的门”引申为“为``````提供便利”“为``````创造条件”“给``````以机会”(to:prep.)
eg. These discussions may well open the door to the peaceful solutions.
这些讨论很可能为和平解决创造条件。
You are opening the door to trouble by hitchhiking.
你搭车会带来麻烦的。
The country opened the door to imports.
这个国家对外开放进口业务。

38. Modern English came into being from about the end of the
____ century.
A. 16th B. 17th C. 18th D. 19th
2. The poetry of John Donne reminds Chinese readers of the
poems by _______.
A. Du Fu B. Li Bai C. Su Dongpo D. Guo Moruo
3. Byron’s Isle’s of Greece (1824) is an example of _________.
A. sonnet B. romantic poetry
C. nature poetry D. modern poetry
4. The wider public in China discovered English poetry at the
beginning of the _____ century.
A. 17th B. 18th C. 19th D. 20th
5. The advantage of reading English poetry in Chinese
translation is ________.
That you have more choice
That something of the spirit is lost
That you understand it better
That you learn how to express yourself in new ways

39. Answers to Exercise 2
P28
1.that: poetry plays with some sounds, words and grammar
2.its: the history of English poetry
3.their: Wordsworth’s, Byron’s and Keats’
4.they: modern poets
5.they: poems and literature

40. John Milton
William Wordsworth
John Donne
Alexander Pope
1700
1600
1800
1900
2000
Byron
Shakespeare
John Keats
Robert Frost

41. Suggested Answers to Exercise 4, P29
Some people will say that a poem in translation is still the same poem. But of course the words that are used, and some expressions or even the rhyme is all very different. Therefore, other people say that it is not the same poem anymore. By using different language, a poem loses a lot of its charm and spirit.
Suggested Answers to Exercise 5
To say that poems and literature can be bridges means that they can bring people closer to each other. Two other images to express that idea, found in the text are:
1.Poetry opens doors;
2.We can embrace each other in poetry.

42. I think the short poem by Mu Dan means that our life
is like the night. The words used in poetry are like
lamps that light up, and in this light we can meet and
embrace other people, whom we would not have seen
in the dark.
Mu Dan
Quietly ,we embrace
In a world lit up by words.

43. Language Study

44. Answers to Exercise 1, P29
1.Poem bsence atmosphere glory poets translated
Answers to Exercise 2
1.mad---glad tale---fail glory---story recite---night cow---plough shade---afraid isle---smile embrace---base
Answers to Exercise 1, P30
1.Frightened followed examined Built Seen bitten shot
Answers to Exercise 2
1.AT AD AD AT

45. Answers to Exercise 3, P30
1.When he was asked what had happened, he told us about it.
2.As he was well-known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures.
3.If we were given more time, we would be able to do the work much better.
4.Once it was translated into Chinese, the book became very popular among Chinese teenagers.
5.Since she was deeply interested in medicine, she decided to become a doctor.
6.Although/Though he was left alone at home, Sam did not feel afraid at all.

46. Dust of snow 雪尘 By Robert Frost The way a crow Shook down on me
The dust of snow
From a hemlock tree
Has given my heart
A change of mood
And saved some part
Of a day I had rued. 雪尘
罗伯特弗罗斯特
铁杉树上
一只乌鸦
抖落雪尘
撒我一身
我的心情
因此变化
一天的懊丧
已不再留下。

47. Right Here Waiting 此情可待 Richard Marx Oceans apart, day after day,
And I slowly go insane.
I heard your voice on the line,
But it doesn’t stop the pain.
If I see you next to never,
How can we say forever?
Wherever you go, whatever you do,
I will be right here waiting for you.
Whatever it takes,
Or how my heart breaks,
此情可待
理查德·马克思
远隔重洋,日复一日，
思念几乎使我发狂。
尽管电话中听到了你的声音,
但却摆脱不了痛苦。
如果从此再也不能相见,
我们又怎么能说相爱到永远?
无论你到何方,无论你在做何事,
我都会在此等你。
无论要付出怎样的代价，
哪怕使我心碎，
我也会在此一直等候。

48. I took for granted all the time,
That I thought would last somehow.
I hear the laughter
I taste the tears
But I can’t get near you now.
Oh, can’t you see it baby,
You’ve got me goin’ crazy?
Wherever you go, whatever you do,
I will be right here waiting for you.
Whatever it takes,
Or how my heart breaks,
我曾一直坚信，
我们会终生相守。
我听到嘲笑
我尝到苦涩的泪，
而如今我们已不能相聚。
哦，亲爱的，你难道不知
你已让我如此痴迷？
无论你到何方,无论你在做何事,
我都会在此等你。
无论要付出怎样的代价，
哪怕使我心碎，
我也会在此一直等候。

49. I wonder how we can survive this romance,
But in the end if I’m with you
I’ll take the chance.
Oh, can’t you see it baby,
You’ve got me goin’ crazy?
Wherever you go, whatever you do,
I will be right here waiting for you.
Whatever it takes,
Or how my heart breaks,
I will be right here waiting for you
Waiting for you.
我想知道这段爱情如何才能维系，
但如果最终我能和你在一起
我一定会好好珍惜在一时机。
哦，亲爱的，你难道不知
你已让我如此痴迷？
无论你到何方,无论你在做何事,
我也会在此一直等候。
无论要付出怎样的代价，
哪怕使我心碎，
我都会在此等你
等你。

50. Answers to Exercise 1, P31
1.In the poem, it is winter. The person in the poem ( I ) once had a bad day, a day he or she wished had not happened. Later on that day he or she walked or stood under a tree. A crow shook its feathers, and snow from the tree fell down on him or her. This little event made him or her a bit less unhappy.
2.The person in the song ( I ) complains that his or her lover is very far away, maybe in the USA because there is an ocean between them. They almost never seen each other, but they call each other. The “I” finds it very difficult to say that he or she will love the other for ever, because they are not together. Still, the “I” promises always to wit for the other, even if it breaks his or her heart.

51. Sample poem for the writing exercise: Exercise 2, P32
Silence in the house
Come, the wind may never again
Blow as mow it blows for us;
And the stars may never again
Shine as now they shine;
Long before October returns,
Seas of blood will have parted us;
And you must crush the love in your heart,
And I the love in mine.

52. Answers to Checkpoint 4
1.Once translated
2.Given more time
3.Left alone at home

53. Workbook

54. 1.The use of poetry as a help to remember things.
Answers to Exercise 1, P102
1.The use of poetry as a help to remember things.
2.To help them remember their history and practical things.
3.Because we can write things down/ Because writing was invented.
4.Students/ We/ People of today do.

55. Answers to Exercise 2, P102
1.In fourteen-ninety-two, Columbus sailed the ocean blue.
This rhyme is useful to remember the year Columbus discovered America.
days has September,
April, June, and November.
All the rest have 31. Fine!
February 28 except when 29.
This rhyme is useful to remember which months have 31 days, which have 30 days and how many days February has.
I before e except after c
or when sounding like a
as in neighbor and weigh
This rhyme is useful to remember when to write ei and when to write ie.

56. madness mad (adj.) sadness sad (adj.) recommendation recommend (v.)
Answers to Exercise 1, P103
mad (adj.)
sad (adj.)
recommend (v.)
lonely (adj.)
intend (v.)
translate (v.)
introduce (v.)
contribute (v.)
madness
sadness
recommendation
loneliness
intention
translation
introduction
contribution

57. Answers to Exercise 2
came into being
light up
calls up
contributions to
stands out
playing with
put…together

58. Answers to Exercise 3, P104
1.I have no intention of getting married before building a career.
2.His greatest glory is the picture with Premier Zhou, which hangs on the wall.
3.You can make a dress after this paper pattern.
4.He is a nice young man. Quite a few people have recommended him for the job.
5.When I was young, Mum asked me to recite every text to her.
6.You can slip out from the back door. No one will notice your absence.

59. and he is even worse than his Dad or which made her feel very bad
Answers to Exercise 4, P104
and he is even worse than his Dad or which made her feel very bad
is a very interesting story or something I will tell you in our dormitory
which cost me only little money or and she thought it was very funny
all through June, July and August or so cleaning the floor has become a must
as it flew over the bridge white snow or which flew over our roof, very low
it will be like making a new start or and it has broken my heart

60. Answers to Exercise 1, P104
1.Devoted to her mother, she looked after her for many years.
2.Questioned by the police about the fire, he became tense.
3.well-known for her skill as a designer, she was invited to work with the company.
4.Excited by our success, we decided to celebrate with a dinner.
5.Shocked at the waste of money, I decided to leave the company.

61. Answers to Exercise 2, P104
1.Influenced by her parents, the young woman became a teacher.
2.Judged by the new rules, their performance in the competition was quite good.
3.Built in 1601, the castle is over 500 years old.
4.Surprised at what Berry had done, Tom didn’t know what to say at first.
5.Covered with snow, the forest looked the most beautiful.
6.Found cheating in the English exam, she failed the exam.

62. Answers to Exercise 3, P105
spoken (D)
poured (A)
defeated (B)
Impressed (C)

63. 悲哉行 悲哉为儒者，力学不知疲。 读书眼欲暗，秉笔手生胝。 十上方一第，成名常苦迟。 纵有宦达者，两鬓已成丝。 可怜少壮日，适在穷贱时。 丈夫老且病，焉用富贵为。 沉沉朱门宅，中有乳臭儿。 状貌如妇人，光明膏粱肌。 手不把书卷，身不擐戎衣。 二十袭封爵，门承勋戚资。 春来日日出，服御何轻肥。 朝从博徒饮，暮有倡楼期。 平封还酒债，堆金选蛾眉。 声色狗马外，其余一无知。 山苗与涧松，地势随高卑。 古来无奈何，非君独伤悲。

64. Traditional poetry Modern poetry
Answers to Question 1, P106
To give a clear example of (traditional) poetry that has rhyme and rhythm.
Answers to Question 2
Traditional poetry
Modern poetry
fixed form and number of lines
usually has rhyme
has a fixed rhyme pattern
only some topics could be chosen
form of the poem and number of lines is free
usually doesn’t have rhyme
has free rhyme pattern
can be about common topics
Answers to Question 3
About the differences between the lives of an old official of poor background and that of a young rich boy.

65. The old official The young official
Answers to Question 4, P107
The old official The young official
Worked very hard all his life
Became an official when he was very old
Was very poor when young
Always had a hard time and difficult life
Always tried to get up higher
Never worked in his life
Became an official when he was very young
Was always very rich
Always had an easy and pleasant life
Never worried to get up higher

66. Answers to Question 5, P107
At the end of the poem he compares the old official to a pine tree and the young official to grass.
Answers to Question 5, P107
At the end of the poem he compares the old official to a pine tree and the young official to grass.
Answers to Question 6
The massage of the poem is that it is a sad thing that some people from rich families always get a happy life without having to work at all, while people from poor families must work hard all their lives but find little happiness in life
Answers to Question 6
The massage of the poem is that it is a sad thing that some people from rich families always get a happy life without having to work at all, while people from poor families must work hard all their lives but find little happiness in life

67. Welcome to the Garden of poems !