1. Advanced SQL Advanced SQL Week 8 Comparison Operators
computed columns and column aliases
Arithmetic Operators
Logical Operators
Special Operators
SQL SELECT statement
SQL UPDATE statement
SQL DELETE Statement
SQL INSERT Statement

2. Advanced SQL
Download the the database script Sale Database, located in inna => efni SQL Meterial.
Create database name it YourKenetala_sale
Open with wordPad document and edit the file and save as .SQL
Import the file to phpmyadmin.

3. SQL INDEXES
Indexes are used to improve the efficiency of searches and to avoid duplicate column values.
When you declare a primary key, the DBMS automatically creates a unique index.
CREATE INDEX <index_name> ON <table_name> (<column1, column2>)
Example:
CREATE INDEX p_indatex ON product(p_indate);

4. Comparison Operators = equal < less than
<= less than or equal to
> Greater than
>= Greater than or equal to
<> Or != Not equal to

5. Comparison operators examples
SELECT p_descript, p_indate, p_price, v_code
FROM product
WHERE v_code <> 21344;
SELECT p_descript, p_qoh, p_min, p_price
WHERE p_price <= 10;
SELECT p_code, p_qoh, p_min, p_price
WHERE p_code < ’1558-QW1’;

6. Computed columns and aliases
Using computed colums and column aliases
SELECT p_descript, p_qoh, p_price, p_qoh * p_price
FROM product;
SELECT p_descript, p_qoh, p_price, p_qoh * p_price AS totalValue
SELECT p_code, p_indate, DATE() - 90 AS CUTDATE
FROM product
WHERE p_indate <= DATE() – 90;

7. Arithmetic Operators Arithmetic Operator Description + Add - Subtract*
Multiply /
Divide ^
Raise to the power of

8. Rules of precedence 1- perform operations within parentheses
2- Perform power operations
3- Perform multiplications and divisions
4- Perform addition and subtractions
8+2*5=?
(8+2)*5=?
4+5^2*3=?
(4+5)^2 *3=?

9. Logical Operators AND, OR, and NOT
SELECT p_descript, p_indate, p_price, v_code
FROM product
WHERE v_code = OR v_code = 24288;
WHERE p_price < 50 AND p_indate > ’15-Jan-2007’;
SELECT *
FROM product
WHERE v_code <>/!= 21344

10. Special Operators
BETWEEN: Used to check whether an attribute value within a range
IS NULL: Used to check whether an attribute value is null
LIKE: Used to check whether an attribute value matches a given
string pattern
IN: Used to check whether an attribute value matches any value within
a value list.
EXISTS: Used to check whether a subquery returns any rows.

11. Special Operators SELECT * FROM product
WHERE p_price BETWEEN AND ;
SELECT p_code, p_descript, v_code
FROM product
WHERE v_code IS NULL;
SELECT v_name, v_code, v_areacode, v_phone
FROM vendor
WHERE v_contact LIKE ‘Smith%’;
SELECT *
FROM product
WHERE v_code IN (21344, 24288);

12. Special Operators SELECT * FROM vendor
WHERE EXISTS (SELECT * FROM product WHERE p_qoh < p_min * 2);

13. UPDATE UPDATE PRODUCT SET P_INDATE = '18-JAN-2007'
WHERE P_CODE = '13-Q2/P2‘
SET P_INDATE = '18-JAN-2007',
P_PRICE = 17.99,
P_MIN = 10
WHERE P_CODE = '13-Q2/P2'

14. DELETE Copy product table name it P Copy vendor table name it V
DELETE FROM PRODUCT
WHERE P_CODE = 'BRT-345‘;
WHERE P_MIN = 5;
DELETE FROM PRODUCT //Delete all rows from product table
DELETE FROM VENDOR //Delete all rows from vendor table

15. INSERT INSERT INTO PRODUCT
VALUES ('11QER/31','Power painter, 15 psi., 3-nozzle',' ',8,5,109.99,0.00,21225);
Insert with null attributes
VALUES ('BRT-345','Titanium drill bit',' ',75,10,4.50,0.06, NULL)
Insert with optional attributes
INSERT INTO PRODUCT(P_CODE, P_DESCRIPT)
VALUES ('BRT-345','Titanium drill bit')

16. INSERT Inserting rows with SELECT subquery
INSERT INTO VENDOR SELECT * FROM V
INSERT INTO PRODUCT SELECT * FROM P
SELECT * FROM VENDOR
SELECT * FROM PRODUCT

17. COMMIT, ROLLBACK DELETE Deletes one or more rows from a table
COMMIT Permanently saves data changes
ROLLBACK Restores data to their original values
The Correct way to do that:
SET autocommit=0;
START TRANSACTION;
Your Query here.
ROLLBACK;

18. COMMIT, ROLLBACK
you have ordered 20 units of product 2232/QWE. When the 20 units arrive, you’ll want to add them to inventory, using:
UPDATE PRODUCT
SET P_QOH = P_QOH + 20
WHERE P_CODE = '2232/QWE';
If you want to add 10 percent to the price for all products that have current prices below $50, you can use:
SET P_PRICE = P_PRICE * 1.10
WHERE P_PRICE < 50.00;
ROLLBACK command to undo the changes made by the last two UPDATE statements

19. GROUP BY
GROUP BY clause is valid only when used in conjunction with one of the SQL aggregate functions
SELECT V_CODE, P_CODE, P_DESCRIPT, P_PRICE
FROM PRODUCT
GROUP BY V_CODE;

20. Creating views
A view is a virtual table based on a SELECT query. The query can contain columns, computed columns, aliases, and aggregate functions from one or more tables.
Syntax:
CREATE VIEW viewname AS SELECT query
Example:
CREATE VIEW PROD_STATS AS
SELECT V_CODE, SUM(P_QOH*P_PRICE) AS TOTCOST,
MAX(P_QOH) AS MAXQTY, MIN(P_QOH) AS MINQTY,
AVG(P_QOH) AS AVGQTY
FROM PRODUCT
GROUP BY V_CODE;

21. practice Check the link bellow: