1. MIXING AND AERATION (SCALE-UP)

2. INTRODUCTION
Problem of increased scale revolve around mixing and gas exchange.
Aim at achieving maximum movement of liquid and minimum shear stress.
Additives may be added like Pluronic F68, CMC, PVD to avoid shear.

3. CULTURE BAGS Plastic Bags- Gas permeable.
Agitated on a flat rocking platform
Capacity range from 0.5L to 10L.

5. AIR LIFT FERMENTORS
Here a cyclic flow of medium (caused by air provided at base) allows both agitation and aeration.
Circulation time in loop of 45m may be near 120 seconds.
Fermenters of upto 20,000L capacities have been used.

6. Riser tube
Downcomer tube
Medium with lower density
Medium with higher density
Airlift fermenter

8. BelloCell AERATOR CULTURE
Compartment having cells
Porous membrane
Bellows medium compartment

11. PERFUSED SUSPENSION CULTURE
1.Cells retained at high concentration.
2.Medium perfused through hollow fibers.
3.External regulation.

13. FLUIDIZED BED REACTORS
1.Porous Microcarriers made of Ceramics.
2.Beads have Low density.
3.Sedimentation rate of Beads= Medium flow rate
4.Cells grow in the interstices of the bead matrix.

14. THANK YOU