1. welcome

2. CLAYTRONICS

3. ABOUT THE PROJECT … Started in 2005.
This project being conducted in Carnegie Mellon University with the support from Intel aims to create programmable matter.
The project team led by Professors Todd C. Mowry, Seth Goldstein includes researchers from Intel Labs Pittsburgh.
Estimated arrival by 2017.

4. introduction
Project combining the modular robotics , nanotechnology & computer science to create the 3-d display of electronic information
the research focuses on 2 main projcts
1) creating the basic building block of claytronics
known as claytronic atom (catoms)
2) designing & writing s\w program

5. Contd…..
The catoms will be sub millimeter computers that will have ability to move around, communicate with each other, change color and electro statically connect to other catoms to form different shapes
It’s the same concept as modular robotics, only on a smaller scale.

6. Role of Moore's law.
This promise of claytronic technology has become possible because of the ever increasing speeds of computer processing predicted in Moore’s law.

7. Capabilities of catoms
Computation
Motion
Power
Communication

8. Scaling and design principles
Four basic design principles :
Each atom should be self contained.
No static power should be required for adhesion after attachment.
Coordination should be performed via local control.
Catoms should contain no moving parts.

9. Depending on the scaling principles there are three regimes of catoms.
Properties
Macro
Micro
Nano
Dimensions
> 1cm
>1 mm
< 10 microns
Weight
10’s of grams
100’s of mg
< 1 mg
Power
< 2 watts
10’s of mW
10’s of nW
Locomotive mechanism
Programmable magnets
Electrostatics
Aerosol
Adhesion mechanism
Magnets
Programmable Nanofibers adhesives
Molecular surface adhesion, covalent bonds
Manufacturing methods
Conventional
Nano fabrication
Chemically directed self assembly
Resolution
Low
High
Cost
$$$/catom
$/catom
Millicent/ catom

10. Claytronics hardware
The basic hardware of a claytronic atom comprises of:
CPU
energy source
network device
video output device
one or more sensors
mechanism for adhering to other catoms

11. CURRENT STATUS OF RESEARCH
Current stage of design: Claytronics
hardware operates from macro scale designs
with devices much larger than the tiny
modular robots
such devices are designed to test concept for sub millimeter catoms and effects of physical and electic
force on them

12. Different types of catoms.
The major types of catoms are:
Planar catoms
Electro static latches
Stochastic catoms
Giant helium catoms

13. Planar catoms.

14. The prototype that is most like what developers hope catoms will become is the planar catom.
These take the form of 44 mm diameter cylinders.
These cylinders are equipped with 24 electromagnets arranged in a series of stacked rings along the cylinder’s circumference.
Movement is achieved by the catoms cooperatively enabling and disabling the magnets in order to roll along each other’s surfaces.
Only one magnet on each catom is energized at a time.

16. Electro static latches
A new system of binding and releasing the connection between modular robots, a connection that creates motion and transfers power and data while employing a small factor of a powerful force.

17. Giant helium catoms

18. Software research Software research is a tedious process.
Organizing the communication and actions between millions of catoms require development in algorithms and programming languages.
The major goal of claytronics matrix is to form 3d shapes.
Matrix software must actuate the constant change in locations of catoms.

19. Programming languages
Researchers have created two new languages called MELD and LDP
MELD:
Meld is a declarative language designed for programming overlay networks.
By using this the code for an ensemble of robots can be written from a global perspective.

20. This dramatically simplifies the thought process for programming the movement of a claytronics matrix.
LDP ( Locally Distributed Predictions):
A program that addresses a fixed-size module.
This allows programmers to operate the claytronic matrix more frequently and efficiently.

21. Dynamic simulation of ensembles.
Visualizing the Invisible While Realizing the Unreal
As a first step in developing software to program catoms, the team created DPR-simulator.
Simulator create a world in which catoms take on the characteristics that researches wish to observe.

23. Applications
Revolution in Communication
Claytronics could transform communication, entertainment, medicine and more.
Two Dimensional
One Dimensional
Three Dimensional

24. CONTD.
One of the primary goals of claytronics is to form the basis for a new media type, PARIO.
Pario the logical extension of audio and video, is a media type used to reproduce moving 3D objects in the real world.
When this goal is achieved we will be able to create an environment called synthetic reality.
pario

26. CONTD 2. Shape Shifting Furniture!
Helps users to carry around a lump of catoms that can reshape in to any object .
Shape Shifting Furniture!
Change the shape of furniture and the wall paintings according to preferences from time to time

27. CONTD 3.
Would enable to work remotely in physical hostile environments.
They are of great use in disaster relief.
It may help scientists learn how to efficiently manage networks of millions of computers.
It will also advance our understanding of nanotechnology.

28. Future design 3D movement of catoms.
Catoms will be able to emit variable colour and intensity of light, allowing for dynamic physical rendering.
Onboard battery sufficient to power catoms will exceed the size of the catom itself, so an alternate energy solution is desired.

29. Research is being done into powering all of the catoms in an ensemble, utilizing the catom-to-catom contact as a means of energy transport.
Develop a unary connector for the catoms in order to keep reconfiguration time at a minimum.
Nanofibers provide a possible solution to this challenge.

31. conclusion

32. Many challenges need to be resolved before bringing this technology to real world.
The hardware aspect of this technology deals with making the crude and tiny robots to move and configure.
The software aspect is still highly staggering.
It concerns with controlling the movements of minute catoms and programming these millions to work together.
Still, claytronics is a promising field of engineering.

33. references 1.Electronics For You journal: November 2009 issue.
2.Carnegie Mellon University official site: 3. 4.
5. Images form : images.google.co.in and