1. Unit 5 Chapter 11 Fundamentals of Genetics
Section 11.1
Mendel’s Legacy

2. I) Gregor Mendel
Genetics: study of how traits & characteristics are transferred from parent to _________
Gregor Mendel: “Father of Genetics”
Combined
Plant breeding
Statistics
Careful recordkeeping

4. II) Mendel’s Experiment
Mendel experiment
garden peas with 7 characteristics to see which trait would be passed to offspring
Traits: specific inherited characteristics
Example: Characteristic:
Trait:

5. II) Mendel’s Experiments
Mendel started growing peas that were pure for each trait
Pure:
Mendel self-pollinated the peas until:
P1 generation:

6. II. Mendel’s Experiment
Mendel controlled the reproduction of the plants (___________)
Pollination: pollen from reproductive parts of one flower is mixed w/ another flower

8. II. Mendel’s Experiment
Self-pollination: mixing with the same plant/flower
Cross-pollination: mixing anther a different plant/flower

9. II. Mendel’s Experiments
Cross Pollinated:
Ex: Characteristic: Plant Height
Trait: Short x Tall
Mendel recorded the results & called the offspring the F1 generation

10. Example
P1 generation: Pure Green x Pure Yellow = __ generation

11. II. Mendel’s Experiments
7) Mendel then crossed two F1 generation seeds

12. Example
P1 generation: Pure Green x Pure Yellow = __ generation F1 generation x F1 generation = ____ generation

13. III) Mendel’s Results and Conclusions
there was a “factor” in pea controlling the traits
results varied btwn 2 traits he felt that the “factor” came in pairs

14. Example
P1 generation: Pure Green, Pure Yellow Pure Green x Pure Yellow = F1 generation F1 generation: 2 Green F1 gen. x F1 gen. = F2 generation Green x Green = 3 Green + 1 Yellow F2 generation: 3 Green + 1 Yellow

15. III. Recessive and Dominant Traits
Mendel saw that one P1 trait would not show in the F1, and reappear in F2
Dominant: factor that would dominated and mask the other trait
Recessive: factor that could be masked by a dominant trait

17. IV. Mendel’s Laws
Law of Segregation: a pair of factors is segregated, or separated, during the formation of gametes

18. IV. Mendel’s Laws
Law of Independent Assortment: factors for different characteristics are distributed to gametes independently

19. V. Chromosomes and Genes
Molecular Genetics: study of structure and function of chromosomes and genes
Genes are in pairs or alleles
Alleles are represented by letters
Dominant: Uppercase
Recessive: Lowercase