1. The Wave Nature of Light
Lesson Topics Include:
Waves
Light
Describing Waves
Universal Wave Equation
Properties of Waves
Types of Reflection
Prisms and White Light
Index of Refraction
Snell’s Law
Critical Angle

2. Waves
A wave is a disturbance that moves along a medium from one end to the other.
Waves move from one location to another in a given time  therefore, waves have a speed
As a wave moves away from its constant frequency source, the spacing between successive crests or successive troughs—the wavelength—remains the same
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4. Light
Light is a transverse (crests and troughs are at right angles to the direction in which the wave travels), electromagnetic wave (oscillation of electric and magnetic fields)

5. Describing waves Speed – v – how fast the disturbance propagates (m/s)
Frequency – f – rate of oscillation (cycles per second, Hz)
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7. Speed of light
The speed of light in a vacuum is a universal constant in all reference frames.
Fixed at 299,792,458 m/s
(c = 3.00 x 108 m/s)
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8. Properties of Waves - Reflect
Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection
An image is formed ……………

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10. Reflection from a mirror
Normal
Incident ray
Reflected ray
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Mirror

11. Types of Reflection Clear (Specular) Reflection: Diffuse Reflection:
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Diffuse Reflection:

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13. Clear vs. Diffuse Reflection
Smooth, shiny surfaces have a clear reflection.
Rough, dull surfaces have a diffuse reflection.
Diffuse reflection is when light is scattered in different directions

14. Properties of Waves - Refract
When the right wheels tough the grass, they begin to slow down
At the same time, the left wheels are still moving at their initial pace
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16. Terminology – Reflect/Refract
(< of incidence)
(< of reflection)
Normal
Reflected Ray
Incident Ray Өi Өr ӨR
(< of Refraction)

17. Index of refraction
The Index of Refraction is a comparison of the speed in the material to c
Speed of light in a vacuum
Index of Refraction
Speed of light in the material

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19. Check Your Understanding
A 5.0 Hz water wave, traveling at 31 cm/s in deep water, enters shallow water. The angle between the incident wave front in the deep water and the boundary between the deep and shallow regions is 50°. The speed of the wave in the shallow water is km/h. Find
the angle of refraction in the shallow water
the wave length in shallow water

20. Check Your Understanding
For a light ray traveling from glass into water, find
the angle of refraction in water, if the angle of incidence in glass is 30.0°
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22. Critical Angle Critical angle (<C) = <i when the <R = 90°
How can we use Snell’s law then to calculate the critical angle given the index of refraction (n) for both substances?
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23. Check Your Understanding
Example: Calculate the critical angle for the crown glass (n = 1.52) – air (n = 1) boundary
Example: Calculate the critical angle for the diamond (n = 2.42) – air (n = 1) boundary