1. The Muscular System
What do skeletal muscles do?
How do muscles work?

2. The Muscular System
Muscle is an organ that can relax and contract, and provides the force to move your body parts.

3. Tim and Moby film

4. Muscular system
There are more than 630 muscles in your body. On average, your body weight is 40% muscle.
Muscles consists of million of fibers packed with protein. Not all proteins are identified yet.

5. The Amazing Muscle
The job of a muscle is to move the body. Without muscles the skeleton couldn’t move. Muscle help to move the mouth to form speech, help to blink, digest food, breathe, pump the heart and allow a person to smile.

6. Functions of the Muscular System
Produce movement
Maintain posture and body position
Support soft tissue
Guard entrances and exits
Maintain body temperature

7. To move or not to move
1.  Voluntary muscles – muscles that you are able to control
2. Involuntary muscles – muscles that you cannot control

8. Muscle Groups
Each muscle belongs to one of three categories: Skeletal muscles, Smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle.

9. Three types of muscle
Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth

10. Skeletal muscle characteristics
Large muscles
Maintain posture
Facilitate (help with) locomotion
Move jointed bones
Joined to bones by tendons

11. Heart muscle cells behave as one unit Found only in the heart
Cardiac muscle
Main muscle of heart
Heart muscle cells behave as one unit
Found only in the heart
Involuntary

12. Found in walls of internal organs Involuntary movement
Smooth muscle
Found in walls of internal organs
Involuntary movement

13. Tendon ~ strong, tough connective tissue cord, connect muscle to bone
Example *Achilles Tendon (attaches to calf muscle and heel bone)

14. Skeletal muscle action produces movements at synovial joints
Skeletal muscle action produces movements at synovial joints. Usually one end of the muscle is attached to a relatively immovable or fixed on side of a joint, while the other end of the muscle is attached to a movable end or origin.

15. Types of body movement Flexor Extensor Abduction Adduction
Hyperextension
Dorsiflexion
Rotation
circumduction
Let’s look at each one

16. Flexion (Flexor) ~ decreasing the angle between two bones and body part

17. Extension ( Extensor) ~ increasing the angle between two bones and body part

18. Abduction-moving of a body part away from the central axis of the body .
Adduction-moving of a body part toward the central axis of the body.

19. Hyperextension-Extension of a bodily joint beyond its normal range of motion.

20. Dorsiflexion-the act of bending backward (of the body or a body part

21. Rotation-The act or process of turning around a center or an axis.

22. Circumduction-The circular movement of a limb.

24. Do you know who I am? Hint: I’m the governor of Cal.

25. Of muscular system, now let’s look at the skin.
The End
Of muscular system, now let’s look at the skin.

26. Advance science only
Before we begin let’s watch a dancer perform and see how the different system work together to make a great perfomance.

27. Integumentary System
The bodily system consisting of the skin and its associated structures, such as the hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands.

28. The skin is one of the more versatile in our body, the skin is vital in maintaining homeostasis.

29. Protective layer for the body Helps us to maintain homeostasis
Integumentary system
Functions:
Protective layer for the body
Helps us to maintain homeostasis
Helps us to react to our environment

30. The skin is composed of layers and is known as the body’s largest organ: This lead to the development of skin grafts and transplants.
Let’s learn to the components of the skin.

31. Epidermis
The outer, protective, nonvascular layer of the skin of vertebrates, covering the dermis.

32. Seen here in a scanning electron micrograph, the epidermis is a tough coating formed from overlapping layers of dead skin cells, which continually slough off and are replaced with cells from the living layers beneath. The epidermis is the outermost of three layers that make up the skin.

33. Dermis
The dense inner layer of skin beneath the epidermis, composed of connective tissue, blood and lymph vessels, sweat glands, hair follicles, and an elaborate sensory nerve network.

35. Accessory organs
They are recognized as important in the protective mechanism of the human body.
Nail, hair follicles, sebaceous glands, melanin, sudoferous glands, eccrine glands and sweat glands. Let’s look at each one.

36. Sebaceous gland
A cutaneous gland that secretes sebum (usually into a hair follicle) for lubricating hair and skin 

37. pertaining to, or affecting the skin.
cutaneous gland
pertaining to, or affecting the skin.

38. Producing or secreting sweat
Sudoriferous Gland
Producing or secreting sweat

39. The fat layer lying just beneath the dermis
Subcutaneous tissue
The fat layer lying just beneath the dermis

41. a small cavity, sac, or gland which holds the hair.
Follicle
a small cavity, sac, or gland which holds the hair.

43. Melanin
any of a class of insoluble pigments, found in all forms of animal life, that account for the dark color of skin, hair, fur, scales, feathers, etc.

45. Eccrine glands
Any of the numerous small sweat glands distributed over the body's surface that produce a clear aqueous secretion