1. Ecology & Biomes
1. What is the difference between biotic and abiotic? Biotic = living; abiotic = nonliving
2. Water is lost to the abiotic parts of the biosphere from the biotic parts in what process? evaporation
3. How is water loss through the biotic parts of the atmosphere? transpiration
4. Name 2 ways nitrogen is returned to the atmosphere (by denitrification). Death and decay by bacteria or fungi

2. 5.How much energy (as a percentage) is lost as you move up each trophic level? 90%
6. What happens to the amount of energy? It decreases
7. Name 2 types of decomposers. Fungi (mushroom) & bacteria
8. What are the steps of the water cycle? In which step are plants involved?
Precipitation  Seepage into the ground transpiration
Precipitation Runoff into bodies of waterevaporation

3. 9. In an energy pyramid, which level has the smallest number of organisms? Tertiary consumers
10. What is a terrestrial biome? An aquatic biome? Land based; water based
11. Compare and contrast density-independent factors and density-dependent factors.
Density-independent
Alike
Density-dependent
Happens regardless of the pop size; tend to be biotic factors
Both have an impact on a pop
Impact depends on the pop size; tend to be abiotic factors

4. 12. Density-dependent or independent: a) drought, indep; b) food, dep; c) competition dep d) disease. dep;
13. A cold, dry, and mostly treeless biome that has a layer of soil called permafrost. tundra
14. A type of sub tropical grassland that has alternating wet and dry seasons. savannah

5. 15. The biome that is dominated by annual trees that lose their leaves each year. Temperate deciduous forest
16. This biome is characterized by evergreen coniferous trees. taiga
17. Compare & Contrast habitat and niche. The animals habitat is where they live, and the niche is their way of life.
18. What happens if two niches overlap?
Competition

6. 19. Which beak is used to scoop things? C
20. Which beak is used to drill into trees for insects? D
21. Which beak is used to tear meat? B

7. 22. Which animal is a filter feeder? B
23. Which organism is the most complex? A
24. Which organism may be parasitic? C
25. Which organism has an exoskeleton and bilateral symmetry? D

8. 26. Name a protective structure found in turtles. shell
27. What kind of symmetry do the following animals have: a) sponge, b) flatworm, c) echinoderm, & d) amphibian; asymmetrical; bilateral; radial; bilateral
28. Name the 2 endothermic animal classes. Aves and Mammals

9. 29. What is the main advantage of the following structures: a) claws-defense/ protection, b) hair/fur-warmth/conserving heat, c) scales- protection
30. What is the difference between hibernation and estivation? Hibernation is when metabolism slows down because of cold and estivation is the same but because of heat
31. Name 3 adaptations animals and plants in the desert may have. Thick leaves, waxy-leaf plants, animals burrowing during the day

10. 32.

11. 33. Create a chart to compare and contrast monocots and dicots in terms of: a) # of seed leaves, b) veins, c) flower parts, & d) arrangement of vascular bundles.

12. 34. Are the following vascular or non-vascular: a) ferns-vasc, b) mosses-nonvasc, c) liverworts-nonvasc, and d) club mosses-vasc.
35. List the functions of: a) leaf-traps light energy for photosynthesis, b) cuticle-prevents water loss, c) stem-support during growth & food storage, d) xylem-transports water, and e) phloem-transports dissolved food/nutrients.
36. List & describe the 2 parts of the stamen. Anther- makes pollen & filament- supports anther
37. List & describe The 3 parts of a pistil. Style, stigma, & ovary