1. c++ style casting At the beginning c++ supported two styles of casts:
(typename)expression
typename(expression)
Instead there are now four new casting operators:
static_cast<type>(expression)
const_cast<type>(expression)
reinterpret_cast<type>(expression)
dynamic_cast<type>(expression)

2. The 'static_cast operator
static_cast<type>(expression)
Works where implicit conversion exists
standard or user-defined conversion
up-casts
Safer that “old-style” casts
e.g. won’t cast int* to float*
Failure causes a compiler error
No dynamic checking is done!
int i = static_cast<int>(12.45);

3. The ‘const_cast'operator
const_cast<type>(expression)
Is used to remove (or add) const-ness:
void g(C * cp);
void f(C const* cp) {
g(const_cast<C *>(cp)); }
Usually, you should design your variables/methods such that you won’t have to use const_cast.
Failure causes compiler errors

4. ‘reinterpret_cast'operator
reinterpret_cast<type>(expression)
Is used to reinterpret byte patterns.
double d(10.2);
char* dBytes =
reinterpret_cast<char *>(&d);
Circumvents the type checking of c++.
Very implementation-dependent.
Rarely used.
Very dangerous !