1. Photosynthesis and Respiration

2. Photosynthesis The process that PLANTS use to make food
Use energy from the SUN to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugar and oxygen
What organelle does photosynthesis?
Chloroplast

3. Step 1: Capturing the Sun’s Energy
Chloroplasts in the plant capture light energy from the sun
Occurs mostly in the leaves
Chloroplasts are green because of the pigment chlorophyll which is important to photosynthesis

4. Step 2: Using Energy to Make Food
Light energy is used to make glucose from water and carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide enters the plant though small openings on the underside of the leaves called stomata
Oxygen is produced during the chemical reactions and exits the leaf through the stomata.

5. 6 CO2 + 6 H2O  C6H12O6 + 6 O2 Chemical Equation
Carbon dioxide Water Glucose (sugar) + Oxygen
Light
energy
Letter (chemical symbol): Tells you which element
Little number (subscript): Tells you how many atoms of that element
Big number (coefficient): Tells you how many molecules

6. Cellular RESPIRATION
Process to convert food to energy that the cell can use
Glucose and Oxygen is converted into ATP (energy for the cell), carbon dioxide, and water
What organelle is responsible for this process?
Mitochondria

7. C6H12O6 + 6 O2  6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP Chemical Equation
Glucose Oxygen  Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy
Letter (chemical symbol): Tells you which element
Little number (subscript): Tells you how many atoms of that element
Big number (coefficient): Tells you how many molecules

8. What do you notice about the equations for photosynthesis and respiration?

9. Fermentation
Process that provides energy for the cell WITHOUT using OXYGEN
Example: Organisms that live deep in the ocean
Energy is released from sugar molecules similar to respiration, however it is much less energy
Two types of fermentation:
Alcoholic fermentation
Alcohol is one of the products
Ex. Yeast
Lactic Acid fermentation
Happens in humans when exercising really hard.
Lactic acid builds up and gives you sore muscles

10. Autotroph vs. Heterotroph
What is an autotroph?
An organism that makes its own food
Do they do photosynthesis? Yes or No
Example: Trees, grass, dandelion
What is a heterotroph?
An organism that cannot make its own food
Do they do photosynthesis? Yes or No
Example: Zebra, lion, humans