1. Project Identification

2. Plan, Programme and Project
Policy
Plan
Program
Project

3. Plan, Program and Project
Reduce city pollution by 80%
To reduce by 80% we need
Garbage management
Traffic management
Clean transport system
Loose-foot markets mgmt
Street dogs and animals mgmt
Security mgmt
……………….
Program
Projects

4. Characteristics of a Project
Deliver a specific change component
Focus on planned delivery
Have a precise objective
Are defined with a specific timeline and budget
Produce specific pre-defined deliverables

5. Project Identification
Present situation
Expected situation
Inputs outputs

6. Project Identification
Generally, projects are identified to:
improve knowledge, skills and attitude of people (e.g. CDRC);
mobilize and/or optimize the value of available resources;
meet the unmet demand or supply of goods or services;

7. Project Identification
Generally, projects are identified to:
extend or expand business or service facilities;
protect environment, prevent or mitigate natural and human induced disasters;
earn money, name and fame ;
follow the policy of GOs and I/NGOs;

8. Project Identification
Generally, projects are identified to:
act on the recommendations forwarded by research findings, workshop, seminar etc;
act on political (national and international) pressure;
materialize unique and innovative idea (e.g. the Gramin Bank of Bangladesh);

9. Project Identification
Generally, projects are identified to:
transfer appropriate technology;
settle civil unrest or work for peace building;
support international mandates like poverty reduction, climate change, environmental protection, good governance, social inclusion, implementation of international protocols and so on;

10. Project Identification (Development)
Demand from the community
Available resources
Needs as defined by experts/organizations

11. A Successful Project
Addresses the real problems that its target group is facing
Enjoys support from other stakeholders
Has clear purpose and is realistic in what it says it can achieve
Is based on well formulated plan
Is located in an organization with sufficient capacity and capability
Is implemented by a competent and motivated team

12. Sources of Project State responsibilities and directives principles
Commitments
Social and economic conditions and needs
Wants, rights, voices and choices
Available resources
Governance system
Political system
International context

13. Stakeholder Analysis Stakeholder Their Interest Perceived Problem
Resources
Mandate

14. Stakeholder Analysis Stakeholder Their Interest Perceived Problem
Resources
Mandate
Passengers
Safe, reliable, and reasonable public transport
Many delays, frequent bus breakdowns, frequent accidents with passenger injuries, impolite drivers, dangerous driving
Willingness to pay for improved services NA
Private car owners
No traffic jams and safe roads
Accidents caused by buses
Bus drivers drive dangerously
May use public transport if reliable and safe
Union of bus drivers
Improved driving condition
Low salaries, poor road maintenance, old and poorly maintained buses
Strong collective bargaining, strike
Interest of members
Road Department
Improved road
Insufficeient budget, poor roads, too many traffic
Annual operating budget
Upgrade and expand road

15. Problem Analysis
Problem Analysis

16. Problem Analysis Problem Analysis Trust deficit of bus company
Economic losses for passenger
Problem Analysis
Time consuming travel
Casualty
Frequent bus accidents
Bad conditions of vehicles
Drivers are not careful enough
Bad conditions of roads
Vehicles are too old
Insufficient maintenance

17. Objective Analysis
Objective Analysis

18. Objective Analysis Objective Analysis
Trust for bus company is restored
Reduced economic losses for passenger
Objective Analysis
Less time consuming travel
Less casualty
Frequency of accidents considerably reduced
Vehicles are kept in good condition
Drivers drive carefully and responsibly
Road conditions are improved
Option 1
Option 2
Drivers are better trained
Old vehicles are replaced
Vehicles are maintained regularly

19. Alternatives
Option 1: Better drivers Option 2: Better buses Option 3: Better drivers and buses

20. Alternative Analysis Option 1 Better Drivers Option 2 Better Buses
1+2 Combined
Cost
Low
High
Chances of success
Benefit
Time horizon
Short
Long
Social risk
Small

21. CASE

22. Your Task
Name any two projects those are of your interest (individually/officially/community ground).
Name of project
Project location
Probable supporting agency
Estimated budget
Time frame (start and end) 1. 2.

23. Rural Electrification Project in Rasuwa District
Ostrich Farming in Kerua Village
(A Feasibility Study)
Improved Ghatta Project in Rasuwa District
The Impact Evaluation Study of Ostrich production in
Kerua Village
Ginger and Lappsi Processing Project in Sindhupalchowk District

24. Is Your Project … Technically feasible
Financially profitable/Economically beneficial
Socially acceptable
Politically neutral
Poverty responsive
Socially inclusive
Market sustainable/environmentally friendly
Free from legal barriers
Manageable from organizational and working point of view

25. Group Exercise on Project Identification
Select any one project. Also, appraise the project from different perspectives as stated in Slide no. 24.