1. “The West & The Gilded Age”
1870
1890
1900
Important things to understand about this era in U.S. History:
** Time of Individualism
Legislation developing the West: Homestead Act, Land Grant Act, Pacific Railway Act
1870’s and 1880’s - Settling the Plains
1860’s and 1870’s - Wars between U.S. Government and Lakota / Dakota / Nakota / Cheyenne
1870’s to 1890’s - American Politics / an Age of Corruption & the Political Urban Machine
1890’s - Rise of Populism

2. The West

3. Politics in the Gilded Age, 1870’s – 1890’s
** Political Era defined by the following …
Close elections
High voter turn-out, 80%
Corruption
Rutherford B. Hayes (1877 – 1881)
James A. Garfield (1881)
- Died Sept. 19, 1881
Chester A. Arthur ( )
Grover Cleveland (1885 – 1889 & )

4. Lakota “Bands” / Subdivisions
(1) Sičháŋǧu / Brulé (Burned Thighs)
(2) Oglála ("They Scatter Their Own")
(3) Itázipčho / Sans Arc (Without Bows)
(4) Húŋkpapȟa ("End Village", Camps at the End of the Camp Circle)
(5) Miniconjou ("Plant beside the Stream",
Planters by the Water)
(6) Sihásapa / Black Feet
(7) Oóhenuŋpa / Two Kettles

5. Lakota Society Warrior Society … “Counting Coup” … Tall Ones Kit Fox
Strong Heart
Badger
“Counting Coup” …

6. Significance … Current Events
“Mitakuye Oyasin”
“All are related”
“All my relatives" or “We are all related”
“Inter-connectedness”
Significance … Current Events
Dakota Access Pipeline

7. Great Plains “Great American Desert” …
Challenges to settling on the Great Plains …

8. Homesteads
“Sod busters”
“Soddies”

9. Settling the West Dry farming methods … Impact … Seed drills …
Steel plow …
Mechanical reaper …
Windmills …
Threshing machines …
Mechanical
binder …
Impact …
Threshing machine
Seed drill
Steel plow
Reaper

10. Traditional Lakota Lands
Traditional homelands …

11. Great Platte River Road
Impact of the Platte River Road …

12. Fort Laramie Treaty of 1851
Note the territory recognized …

13. Events Leading to Discovery
Grattan Incident
“Ash Hollow Incident”
Warren Report
Captain Raynolds Report

14. Related Events Surrounding the Black Hills
Dakota Sioux Uprising of 1862
Annuities never came
Sand Creek Massacre
(1864)
“The foulest and most
unjustified crime in the
annals of America.”
Red Cloud’s War
( )
Fetterman Fight

15. Bozeman Trail, 1863-1869 Trails across Powder River Basin …
Gold discovered Montana …

16. Fort Laramie Treaty, 1868 established …
[1] Established the Great Sioux Reservation of 1868
[2] Shuts down military forts & travel along Bozeman Trail
[3] Rights in Unceded Territory
[4] Established a mission, school, annuities, tools for farming, etc.
[5] Army will secure Black Hills

17. Great Sioux Reservation of 1868

18. Fort Laramie Treaty of 1868 Historians disagree!!!
Treaty allowed for construction of roads or “other works” upon reservation lands.
Did the Lakota understand this? Was this added later?