1. HEAD AND NECK…..4 ROOT OF THE NECK CERVICAL VISCERA Thyroid
Parathyroid
Thymus
06/06/ BAAB

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3. ROOT OF THE NECK
This area is also called the thoracic inlet, though actually it is above it.
Boundaries:
Anteriorly:The jugular notch of the manubrium
Posterior: thoracic vertebrae T1.
Anterolaterally: the clavicles
Laterally: the first ribs.
Structures passing through are.
Vessels    Brachiocephalic Vein    Internal Jugular V.    Subclavian V.    Thoracic Duct (Left Side Only)    Right Brachiocephalic Truck    Common Carotid A.    Vertebral A.    Subclavian A.        

4. Thyrocervical Trunk Inferior thyroid aa Inferior laryngeal aa.
ROOT OF THE NECK…………..
Thyrocervical Trunk  Inferior thyroid aa  Inferior laryngeal aa.
Ascending cervical aa. Transverse cervical aa.  Suprascapular aa.  Internal thoracic aa.  Costocervical trunk  
Nerves    Vagus nn.    Recurrent Laryngeal nn.    Phrenic nn.    Sympathetic Chain .

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6. Viscera include thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, trachea, esophagus
CERVICAL VISCERA………..
Viscera include thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, trachea, esophagus
Thyroid gland:
Position – located at the anteroinferior part of the neck deep to the platysma and strap muscles.
It is extending from C4 to C6 lying in between the osephagus and trachea medially and the carotid sheath laterally.
Structure – It is a bilobed gland with the Rt and Lt lobes joined by the isthmus which extend from the 2nd and 4th tracheal rings.
Relations – The lobes are related by
Anterolaterally: strap muscles and anterior jugular vein.
Posteriorly: Prevertebral muscles and parathyroid glands.
Posterolaterally: carotid sheath and its contents.

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Contents of the carotid sheath are common carotid artery,internal jugular vein and the vagus nerve.
Medially: Larynx. Pharynx and the external laryngeal nerve, trachea (above) and esophagus and reccurent laryngeal nerve (below).
Blood supply:

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12. FUNCTIONS OF THE THYROID GLAND.
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FUNCTIONS OF THE THYROID GLAND.
The purpose of the thyroid gland is to make,store and release thyroid hormones into the blood. These hormones, which are also reffered to as T3 (liothyronine) and T4 ( levothyronine) affect almost every cell in the body, and help control the body’s metabolic activities.

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There are two pairs of parathyroid glands. A superior pair and an inferior pair.

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17. Review questions: 1. Describe the location, extents, relations, blood
CERVICAL VISCERA………..
Review questions:
1. Describe the location, extents, relations, blood
supply and lymphatic drainage of the thyroid
gland. Add notes on the clinical importance of
the topographic relations of the arteries and
nerves of the thyroid.
2. Give an account of the course, origin, relations
and distribution of the vagus nerve in the neck.
3. Describe the origin, course and distribution of
the vertebral artery. Add a note on the clinical
importance.
4. Discuss the distribution of the first part of the
subclavian artery.

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