1. Standardization Promotes Biogeochemical Data Management and Use in Multidisciplinary Environmental Research
Yaxing Wei, Suresh Vannan, Robert B. Cook, Tammy Beaty, Alison G. Boyer, Makhan L. Virdi, Leslie A. Hook
ORNL Distributed Active Archive Center (ORNL DAAC)
Climate Change Science Institute
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Oak Ridge, TN

2. Outline Challenges Introduction to ORNL DAAC
ORNL DAAC Data Management Workflow
Practices & Benefits for Standardization
Data QA/QC & Reformat
Metadata
DOI & Citation
Data Discovery, Visualization, and Distribution
Conclusion

3. Proper Data Management
Challenges
Proper Data Management
Source: DataONE

4. ORNL DAAC
The Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center (ORNL DAAC) archives data produced by NASA’s Terrestrial Ecology Program in support of NASA’s Carbon Cycle and Ecosystems Focus Area.
ORNL DAAC
Field Campaign
Model Code
Land Validation
Regional and Global

5. ORNL DAAC Data Management Workflow

6. Various Historical Data Formats at the ORNL DAAC
Data QA/QC & Reformat
Various Historical Data Formats at the ORNL DAAC
Vannan et al., 2016

7. Benefits: Basis for Everything
Data QA/QC & Reformat
Push toward standard data formats
Open and self-descriptive formats
Tabular: CSV ASCII
Feature: Shapefile, KML, etc.
Raster: GeoTIFF, CF-netCDF
Enforce QA/QC
Spatial & temporal information
Data summary & statistics
Benefits: Basis for Everything

8. Wrong coordinates for soil respiration measurement
QA/QC Examples
Wrong coordinates for soil respiration measurement
Incorrect Time Zone

9. Metadata Fine granularity of metadata Descriptive metadata
data set  data file  data parameter
Descriptive metadata
Embedded inside data files
Consistent tabular data headers
Climate & Forecast (CF) convention
Discovery metadata
Mapping to common metadata models
Unified Metadata Model (UMM)
ISO 19115
FGDC CSDGM

10. Benefits: Promote Discovery
Standard metadata and discovery service interface enables the integration of ORNL DAAC data products into larger systems.

11. DOI & Citation Digital Object Identifier (DOI) for each data set
Combined with UUID to provide identifiability for files/variables
Formal citations
Thornton, P.E., M.M. Thornton, B.W. Mayer, Y. Wei, R. Devarakonda, R.S. Vose, and R.B. Cook Daymet: Daily Surface Weather Data on a 1-km Grid for North America, Version 3. ORNL DAAC, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA. Accessed Month DD, YYYY. Time period: YYYY-MM-DD to YYYY-MM-DD. Spatial Range: N=DD.DD, S=DD.DD, E=DDD.DD, W=DDD.DD.

12. Benefits: Ensure Authors Receive Credit

13. Benefits: Promote Data Use

14. Standards-based Data Visualization & Access
Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) Web services
Open-source Project for a Network Data Access Protocol (OPeNDAP)
ORNL DAAC Spatial Data Access Tool (SDAT)

15. Benefits: Enable Data Exploration
Interactively visualize data before downloading

16. Subset 2004 Forest Disturbance Data in San Diego
Benefits: Enable On-demand Data Access
Original projection is Albers
Original extent is CONUS
Original resolution is 30 meters
Subset 2004 Forest Disturbance Data in San Diego
You want data in Geographic Lat/Lon
You want a resolution of degree
You want data in geotiff format
This is the spatial extent you want to subset
Click “Download Data” button to get data

17. Benefits: Promotes Data Integration
Standard Web services promote distributed data products to be dynamically integrated
Dynamic integration of ORNL DAAC Daymet data in USGS Geo Data Portal through OPeNDAP service

18. Conclusion
Data centers, like ORNL DAAC, are the fundamental component to ensure smoother scientific data lifecycle
Well-curated and quality scientific data are basis of future reuse
Standardization ensures the connection of ORNL DAAC to broader data systems
Standardization makes data management more effective and eases the usability of the data

19. ORNL Distributed Active Archive Center (ORNL DAAC)
Questions?
Yaxing Wei
ORNL Distributed Active Archive Center (ORNL DAAC)