1. Drugs: Legal & Illegal What are the three different drug groups?
What is drug abuse and drug Misuse?
What are the health risks of drug abuse?
What are three protective factors that help reduce a person’s risk for drug abuse?
List the five categories of the most commonly used drugs.
Indian Hills Middle School

2. Medicine: 2 legal groups
Drugs: Legal & Illegal
Drug use is part of life in the United States. Every year, doctors write countless prescriptions and consumers spend millions of dollars on non-prescription drugs. When taken as directed these drugs treat many illnesses effectively.
Medicine: 2 legal groups
1. Over-the-counter drugs: medicines that are sold legally in pharmacies and other stores without a doctor’s prescription.
2. Prescription Drugs: drugs that can be obtained only by an order from a doctor.

3. Drugs: Legal & Illegal 3rd drug type:
Illegal Drugs: a chemical substance that people of any age may not lawfully manufacture, possess, buy, or sell; also called street drugs.
Drug Abuse: drugs that are intentionally used improperly or unsafely.
Drug Misuse: the improper use of medicines.
Proper Use: using per label instructions to treat a cough.
Misuse: mistakenly taking more than is recommended to treat a cough.
Abuse: deliberately taking more than is recommended or taking for purposes other than treating a cough.

4. Drugs: Legal & Illegal Drug Abuse and the Brain Addiction: Dopamine:
Psychoactive drugs are “mood –altering” drugs that chemically affects brain activity and may result in addiction. They create a pleasurable feeling that the user wants to repeat.
Addiction:
Dopamine:
a compulsive use of a drug, despite any cost to health, family, or social standing. It is a disease that changes the structure and chemistry of the brain.
a chemical that travels between brain cells, producing pleasurable sensations; it increases with drug use creating a strong need for more.

5. Dangers of Drug Misuse & Abuse
Side Effects: unwanted physical or mental effects caused by a drug; nausea, dizziness, drowsiness, death.
Tolerance and Dependence:
repeated use develops a tolerance to that drug and more is required for the same effects.
Withdrawal: a person who is dependent on drugs and stops taking them experiences withdrawal symptoms; nausea, vomiting, headaches, dizziness, fever, digestion problems, paranoia, panic, tremors, seizures, or death

6. Other Dangers of Drug Misuse & Abuse
Serious Diseases: Hepatitis and HIV
Risk to Fetus and New Born
Legal Risks and other Costs
Effects on Family & Friends
Costs to Society: victims of crime & medical costs for drug related illnesses and injuries, death, lost work productivity because of drug dependency
Drugs are expensive!

7. Protective Factors Against Drug Abuse
Reduces a person’s potential for harmful behavior.
Having strong protective factors in your life will help you stay drug free!
Family Factors:
Strong & positive values
Parental awareness of teen’s activities
Clear rules
Personal Beliefs:
Academic success
Drug abuse is unacceptable
Social Factors: Strong bonds to school & community activities, drug free friends, supportive & accepting friends

8. Drug: Side Effects Long-Term Effects
Commonly Abused Drugs
Depressants
Slows body functions by decreasing heart and breathing rates and lowering blood pressure
Drug: Side Effects Long-Term Effects
Barbiturates:
Poor coordination, slurred speech
Blurred vision, dizziness, drowsiness, headache, skin rash
Nausea, vomiting, decreased alertness,
Sleepiness, irritability, confusion
Blood & liver disease
Constipation, infections associated with injecting
Liver & brain damage, anxiety, depression, malnutrition, memory loss
CNS Depressants:
Central nervous system
Opiates:
Alcohol:
Impaired judgement, decreased alertness, memory problems, vomiting

9. Stimulants: Commonly Abused Drugs
Side Effects:
Hyperactivity
Liver damage
Depression
Paranoia
Heart/lung disease
Gum disease
drugs that speed up activities of the central nervous system; increasing heart rate, blood pressure, breathing rate and alertness.
Nicotine
Methamphetamine:
Crack, meth, crystal, ice
Cocaine
Amphetamines: speed or uppers

10. PCP: Phencyclidine. Most dangerous of all drugs.
Commonly Abused Drugs
Hallucinogens: drugs that distorts perception, thought, and mood by overloading the brain with sensory information, causing a distorted sense of reality.
Side Effects:
Flashbacks
Injury or death
Schizophrenia
Memory loss
Personality changes
Unable to preform normal activities
Psilocybin: mushrooms
PCP: Phencyclidine. Most dangerous of all drugs.
LSD: Lysergic acid diethylamide
Strongest known hallucinogen.

11. Commonly Abused Drugs Marijuana: Gateway Drug Facts About Marijuana:
Marijuana use is often a gateway to using other “harder” drugs.
Facts About Marijuana:
May act as a depressant, stimulant, or hallucinogen
Has lasting negative health effects
May be deadly if combined with alcohol or another depressant
Feeling of anxiety or paranoia
Distorted perceptions---sight, sound, time, and touch

12. Commonly Abused Drugs Club Drugs, Steroids, and Inhalants Inhalants:
Club Drugs: gained popularity with the dance clubs.
Inhalants:
Glue
Household cleaners
Aerosol's
Anabolic Steroids: synthetic drugs that are similar to the hormone testosterone
Ecstasy, Rohypnol, Meth, LSD, PCP, Ketamine, GHB

13. Good Health Review & Questions
List the 3 different drug groups and give an example for each.
Explain drug abuse and misuse.
Name 4 health risks of drug abuse.
What are protective factors and how can they reduce a person’s risk for drug abuse?
List the 5 categories of the most commonly used drugs and give an example of each.
What is addition?