1. Water and sugar transport & PLANt hormones

2. OSMOSIS
Which way would the water molecules (red dots) be moving?

3. Roots SEM of Marjoram Root Mycorrhizae (fungi) interaction with plant
Mycorrhizae are fundamental to plant establishment, supplying the water and nutrients needed for survival and, in exchange, receiving essential sugars and other compounds supplied by the plant.
Mag 100X
What is the significance of increased surface area of the roots of a plants?

4. How do plants absorb and transport water?
2 methods
Root pressure
Smaller effect
Usually occurs at night
“push” force
Transpiration-Pull
Larger effect
Usually occurs during the day
“pull” force

5. Root Pressure

6. Root Pressure Casparian Strip
______________________________________________________
regulates water and solutes entering xylem by forcing the “sap” to pass through cytoplasm of cells

7. Xylem Sap Maple syrup = reduced sugar maple xylem sap
Collected early spring
Only time of year where xylem transports sugar to leaf buds

8. Transpiration-Pull Like drinking from a straw “pulling from up” effect
________________________________________________________________

9. Did You Know!
A maple tree can lose on average 220L of water per hour during the summer due to transpiration!

10. Cohesion-Tension Theory

11. Stomata

12. Cross Section of Dicot Leaf
CO2 enters via stomata for photosynthesis. But water can escape too!

14. What happens to the sugar?

15. Translocation Translocation – _________________________
____________________________________________________________________
Movement from ________to _______
Source: ________________________
Mature leaves
Sink: ___________________________
Roots, shoot tips, fruits

16. Pressure-Flow Mechanism

17. Plant Hormones
What are some factors that affect plant growth?

18. Auxins ________________________________________
Also trigger formation of roots, leaves and fruit (surrounding ovary of seed)
Seedless Veggies!

19. Cytokinins Promote cell division ______________________
____________________________________________

20. Giberellins Promote cell division and cell elongation
_____________________________________
_____________________
Increase fruit size, shape and
appearance

21. Ethene _____________________________________
Used in transporting unripened fruit to supermarket
Advantages vs. Disadvantages?

22. Abscisic Acid (ABA) _________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
Promotes dormancy in seeds
After 11 days without water, the control plant (left) is dying while the ABA analog-treated plant (right) remains healthy.

23. Homework 
Section 14.3 and 15.1
Pg.404 #1-3
Pg.416 #2,3,5,6,9,17