1. Circulatory System

2. Purpose of Circulatory System
Transport materials within the body
Oxygen, carbon dioxide, biomolecules

3. What does the circulatory system transport?
Red Blood Cells (RBC’s)
Doughnut-shaped
Contains hemoglobin- complex protein containing iron that transports oxygen

4. Other Blood Cells White Blood Cells Platelets Immune response
Blood clotting

5. http://www. youtube. com/watch

6. Plasma Watery portion of the blood
Carries digested food particles to cells

7. HONORS EXTENSION: Digested Molecules in Blood
Digested molecules absorbed by villi in the small intestine are carried by capillaries
Blood travels via the hepatic portal vein to the liver

8. Types of Blood Vessels: Arteries
Away from the heart
Thick muscular walls

9. Types of Blood Vessels: Veins
Toward the heart
Contains valves to prevent
backflow of blood

10. Types of Blood Vessels: Capillaries
Smallest blood vessels
Most restricted of blood vessels
Only allow 1 red blood cell through at a time

11. The Heart

12. Blood Flow Through the Heart

13. Systolic vs. Diastolic Pressure
Systolic Pressure
Ventricle contracts
Blood forced into the arteries
More pressure on walls
Artery walls expand
Diastolic Pressure
Ventricle relaxes
Less blood in arteries
Less pressure on walls
Arteries walls relax

14. Coronary Circulation
Coronary Circulation: Circulation of blood to heart muscle cells

15. Pulmonary Circulation
Pulmonary circulation: Circulation between the lungs and the heart
Oxygen and
carbon dioxide
exchange in pulmonary
circulation

16. Systemic Circulation Systemic Circulation: Carries blood to
rest of the body
Deoxygenated blood ENTERS the heart
from the body via the
superior and inferior
Vena Cavas
Oxygenated blood LEAVES the heart
to go to the rest of the body
via the aorta
Blood goes back to the heart
from the lungs- heart pump provides
enough force for blood to travel
through the rest of the body

17. Lymphatic Circulation
Transports immune cells
Immune response
Large # of white blood
cells are found in the lymph
nodes where bacteria
are destroyed

18. HONORS EXTENSION: Lymphatic System Cont’d
Removes fluid from between cells (interstitial fluid)
Exchange of materials between blood and intercellular fluid occurs via lymph vessels
Extra fluid transported via lymph vessels

19. Cardiovascular Diseases
Anemia- too few red blood cells
Atherosclerosis- fatty deposits on the walls of arteries
Caused by high cholesterol
Hardens
Narrower opening for blood to get through
Heart attack- blood vessel to heart is blocked

20. HONORS EXTENSION: Other Circulatory Systems
Hydra (Phylum: Cnideria)
Diffusion across skin

21. HONORS EXTENSION: Other Circulatory Systems Cont’d
Earthworm (Phylum: Annelida)
Closed circulatory system (blood transported through vessels)
Contains 5 “hearts” that pump blood to various organs
Grasshopper (Phylum: Arthropoda)
Open circulatory system
Heart pumps fluid into spaces
Diffusion into cells
Transport sluggish in this system