2. Compass and Cardinal Direction
Compass – an instrument used to show direction.
The cardinal directions are North, South, East and West

3. Longitude Vertical lines on the globe Known as meridians
Run North and South
Middle point is the Prime Meridian

4. Latitude Horizontal or parallel lines
Run East and West around the Earth
Equator is the middle point

5. Hemispheres
4 Total Hemispheres: Northern, Western, Southern, and Eastern

6. Continents Continuous land mass North America South America Africa
Europe
Asia
Australia
Antarctica

7. Countries A nation with its own government, within a continent
196 countries today

8. States
Part of countries in some countries
50 states within the U.S.

9. Capital The most important city or town of a country
Illinois-Springfield
U.S.-Washington, D.C.

10. Counties Part of states within the U.S. 3,143 counties in the U.S.
102 counties in Illinois
We live in Sangamon County

11. Cities
Part of counties in U.S.
Roughly 20,000 cities in the U.S.

12. Oceans
There are 5 major oceans on Earth: Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Arctic, and Southern
Southern Ocean may not be on all maps since it has only been an ocean since 2000.

13. Landforms Natural features of the landscape on earth’s surface
Mountains
Valleys
Plateaus
Plains
Water
Hills
Glaciers

15. Water

16. Grand Canyon, Great Lakes, and Hawaiian Islands
formed by glaciers
formed by running water
formed by volcanoes

17. Map Grid

18. Map Key
A legend or small chart included on a map that gives descriptions of what symbols are used and what they stand for.

19. Distance Scale

20. Types of Maps-Political
Political-shows boundaries between states

21. Types of Maps-Physical
Physical-shows landforms and water

22. Types of Maps-Elevation
Elevation map-shows elevation of area in comparison to sea level

23. Type of Map-Population
Population Map-Shows area of high and low population

24. Types of Maps-Natural Resources
Natural Resources-shows where resources of an area can be found.

25. Types of Maps-Climate
Climate Map-shows climatic conditions in the world according to temperature, precipitation, and climate.

26. Regions Classified in many ways:
landforms, vegetation, how people change the land, language, population, economics, natural disasters, etc.