1. Dani Damec, Eva Parra, Alihi Volsteadt, Julia Weidman
Chapter 36
Dani Damec, Eva Parra, Alihi Volsteadt, Julia Weidman

2. Key Concepts 6.1 - Science and the Environment
6.2 - Global Conflicts and their Consequences
6.3 - New Conceptualizations of Global Economy, Society, and Culture
6.1
#1 A
#2 B, C
6.2
#4 C
6.3
#1 D
#2 A,B,C, E, F
#3 A, B, C
#4 A, B

3. Sub-Concepts
6.1
1. A. New modes of communication and transportation virtually eliminated the problem of geographic distance.
2. B. Global warming was a major consequence of the release of greenhouse gases and other pollutants in the atmosphere.
2. C. Pollution threatened the world’s supply of water and clean air. Deforestation and desertification were continuing consequences of the human impact on the environment. Rates of extinction of other species accelerated sharply.
6.2
4. C. The U.S. and the Soviet Union emerged as superpowers, which led to ideological struggles between capitalism and communism throughout the globe.

4. Sub-Concepts
D. At the end of the twentieth century, many governments encouraged free market economic policies and promoted economic liberalization.
2. A. New international organizations formed to maintain world peace and to facilitate international cooperation.
2. B. New economic institutions sought to spread the principles and practices associated with free market economics throughout the world.
2. C. Humanitarian organizations developed to respond to humanitarian crises throughout the world.
2. E. Multinational corporations began to challenge state authority and autonomy.
2. F. Movements throughout the world protested the inequality of environmental and economics consequences of global integration. +

5. Sub-Concepts
3. A. The notion of human rights gained traction throughout the world.
3. B. Increased interactions among diverse peoples sometimes led to the formation of new cultural identities and exclusionary reactions.
3. C. Believers developed new forms of spirituality and chose to emphasize particular aspects of practice within existing faiths and apply them to political issues.
4. A. Sports were more widely practiced and reflected national and social aspirations.
4. B. Changes in communication and transportation enabled the widespread diffusion of music and film.

6. Globalization What Caused Globalization? Communication New Politics
The Spread of Cultures
Global Commerce

7. The Spread of Technology
Cellular Revolution
Innovation of Computers
Communication Revolution

8. International Commerce
Greater Political Boundaries
Global Investments
Increase in Trade

9. Migration/Immigration
1950s-1960s: Guest workers became popular
Greater transportation more travel
Larger gap between industrialized cultures and less developed countries
Cultural innovation

10. Globalization of Culture
Spread through
Global technologies, business organization
Reduced political barriers
Mass consumer goods
Many types of culture spread
Depended on wealth and urbanization, cultural globalization spread
blending of global and local signals
cultural internationalization
It was complex and incomplete

11. Document: Protest Against Globalization
December, 1999: Seattle
Protest began at noon
2000 people
Gathered at stage for speech
Post-speech, ~200 people rioted at McDonald’s
Founders and leaders of radical environmentalist groups attended
Peaceful protest

12. Institutions of Globalization
Slower globalization compared to business and technology and consumer culture
Activity of UN increased after the Cold War
Expansion of the World Health Organization
SARS
INGOs
IMF and the World Bank
NAFTA

13. Opposition to Globalization
Globalization→ protest
1999 Seattle Protests
Main Criticisms of Globalization
Environmental concerns
Multinational companies exploiting cheap labor
Income gap
Gap between different nations’ wealth and within nations

14. Nationalism Continuing Culture throughout Globalization Japan France
Immigration
U.S.
China

15. Religion Religions not necessarily against globalization
Didn’t want 1 global culture
Many religious leaders learned to use the Internet and other tech to their advantage
Collapse of communism→ return to faith
Religion → conflicts

16. Fundamentalism Protestant Eastern Europe Latin America India
Hindu fundamentalism became more popular
China
Falun Gong
Islam
Taliban
Reaction to Soviet occupation

17. Fundamentalism
Appealed to those globalization did not affect or harmed
Intolerance
Terrorism
9-11
World Trade Center
Bombing of a hotel in Bali, Indonesia
In protest of Australian tourists
Terrorism was not supported by most religious groups

18. The Global Environment
New environmental problems result from industrialization
Competition between countries increased desire of economic growth regardless of environmental consequences
Advancement of technology increased pollution

19. New Disproportions Wealthy ⅕ of humanity consumed ⅘ of products!
These groups produced over 70 percent of the Earth’s pollution
Huge amounts of poverty and overpopulation

20. Disease and the Greenhouse Effect
A current topic of debate and the government
Global contacts increased disease
The Greenhouse Effect has led to substantial warming

21. Toward the Future
Some argue that trends from history can be used to predict the future
Dramatic climate change and resource exhaustion may occur
However, there is no way to predict the future