1. Chapter 9 Engagement, Empowerment, and Motivation
University of Bahrain
College of Business Administration
MGT 433 Total Quality Management
Chapter 9
Engagement, Empowerment, and Motivation
Dr. Mahnmood Asad
MGT433

2. Outline Explain the scope of employee engagement
Explain the importance of empowerment and principles of successful empowerment,
Provide examples of firms practicing employee engagement
Link engagement and empowerment to theories of motivation
Dr. Mahnmood Asad
MGT433

3. Employee Engagement Strong emotional bond to their organization
Are actively involved in and committed to their work
Feel that their jobs are important, know that their opinions and ideas have value
Often go beyond their immediate job responsibilities for the good of the organization
Dr. Mahnmood Asad
MGT433

4. How Engagement Leads to Quality
Dr. Mahnmood Asad
MGT433

5. Advantages of Employee Engagement
Replaces the adversarial mentality with trust and cooperation
Develops the skills and leadership capability of individuals, creating a sense of mission and fostering trust
Increases employee morale and commitment to the organization
Fosters creativity and innovation, the source of competitive advantage
Helps people understand quality principles and instills these principles into the corporate culture
Allows employees to solve problems at the source immediately
Improves quality and productivity
Dr. Mahnmood Asad
MGT433

6. Employee Involvement
Any activity by which employees participate in work-related decisions and improvement activities, with the objectives of tapping the creative energies of all employees and improving their motivation.
Dr. Mahnmood Asad
MGT433

7. Empowerment
Empowerment – giving people authority to do whatever is necessary to satisfy customers, and trusting employees to make the right choices without waiting for management approval.
Dr. Mahnmood Asad
MGT433

8. Examples of Empowerment
Managing work as individuals or teams
Making traditional “managerial” business decisions
Going outside of job descriptions to help customers
Taking risks for the good of the organization even at a short-term cost
Dr. Mahnmood Asad
MGT433

9. Management Action Needed for Empowerment
Identify and change organizational conditions that make people powerless, and
increase people’s confidence that their efforts to accomplish something important will be successful.
Dr. Mahnmood Asad
MGT433

10. Theoretical Basis for Empowerment
Customer satisfaction is correlated to employee satisfaction
Employee attitudes correlate strongly to higher profits
Empowerment leads to improved motivation and morale, as well as better quality, productivity, and speed of decision making
Dr. Mahnmood Asad
MGT433

11. Principles of Empowerment
Empower sincerely and completely
Establish mutual trust
Provide employees with business information
Ensure that employees are capable
Don’t ignore middle management
Change the reward system
Dr. Mahnmood Asad
MGT433

12. Reasons for Failure of Empowerment
Management support and commitment is nonexistent or not sustained.
Empowerment is used as a manipulative tool to ensure employees complete tasks and assignments without giving them any real responsibility or authority.
Managers use empowerment to abdicate responsibility or task accountability, accepting accolades for successes and assigning fault to others for failure.
Empowerment is deployed selectively, segmenting the workforce into those who are empowered and those who are not.
Empowerment is used as an excuse to not invest in training or employee development.
Managers fail to provide feedback and do not recognize achievements.
Dr. Mahnmood Asad
MGT433

13. Successful Empowerment
Provide education, resources, and encouragement
Remove restrictive policies/procedures
Foster an atmosphere of trust
Share information freely
Make work valuable
Train managers in “hands-off” leadership
Train employees in allowed latitude
Dr. Mahnmood Asad
MGT433

14. Motivation Motivation - an individual’s response to a felt need Views
“What’s in it for me?”
Views
Extrinsic
Intrinsic
Dr. Mahnmood Asad
MGT433

15. Compensation Effect on motivation
Merit versus capability/performance based plans
Gainsharing
Dr. Mahnmood Asad
MGT433

16. Recognition and Rewards
Monetary or non-monetary
Formal or informal
Individual or group
Dr. Mahnmood Asad
MGT433

17. Effective Recognition and Reward Strategies
Give both individual and team awards
Involve everyone
Tie rewards to quality
Allow peers and customers to nominate and recognize superior performance
Publicize extensively
Make recognition fun
Dr. Mahnmood Asad
MGT433

18. Work Environment
Quality of working life and employer-provided services
personal and career counseling,
career development and employability services,
recreational or cultural activities,
daycare, special leave for family responsibilities or for community services,
flexible work hours, outplacement
services, and extended health care for retirees
Dr. Mahnmood Asad
MGT433

19. Engagement and Theories of Motivation
Job Characteristics Theory
Acquired Needs Theory
Goal-Setting Theory
Dr. Mahnmood Asad
MGT433

20. Hackman-Oldham Model
Dr. Mahnmood Asad
MGT433