1. Solid Waste Management and Disposal

2. Waste Management Intro

3. Solid Waste
Objects or particles that accumulate on the site where they are produced.
Categorized by who/what produces them.

4. Types of Solid Waste Mining Waste Waste left on surface
From processing and drainage

5. Types of Solid Waste Agricultural Waste
From raising animals and from crop + tree harvesting.
90% is used as fertilizer or other forms of soil enhancement.

6. Types of Solid Waste Industrial Solid Waste Demolition waste Sludge
Combustion ash

7. Types of Solid Waste Municipal Solid Waste Discarded by people.
Broken
Not wanted
Disposable or temporary-use items
230 million tons annually.

8. Municipal Solid Waste
In modern society, many products are discarded when they are broken or worn out, while others only have a temporary use.

9. Waste Generation and Lifestyle
Nation w/high standard of living = more municipal solid waster per person
Cities = most trouble dealing with waste
Traditional methods (burning, dumping) need to change.

10. Waste Generation and Lifestyle

11. Methods of Waste Disposal
Landfills
Depression in clay layer lined with impermeable membrane.
Fresh garbage covered with layer of soil to prevent it from blowing around and to discourage animal scavengers.
Cheap and convenient, traditional

12. Landfills

13. Landfills  Status Number of new and active are declining.
Full or not up to safety regulations.
New landfills often resisted due to public concerns over groundwater contamination, odors, and truck traffic.

14. Reducing the Number of Landfills

15. Methods of Waste Disposal
Incineration
Burning garbage
Expensive process
About 15% of waste management in US
Produces electricity
Risks = air quality problems and toxicity + disposal of ash

16. Methods of Waste Disposal
Mulch and Compost
Organic material chopped/shredded
Natural decomposition
Fertilizers and topsoil

17. Diverting Waste Through Composting

18. Reducing Waste Sources
Design Changes
Reducing size, shape, and weight of plastic containers.
Manufacturing Processes
Reduce waste, increase efficiency.
Purchasing Decisions
Choose reduced packaging and plan quantities accordingly.
Reusing Items
Delay or prevent entry of items into waste collection stream.

19. Recycling Diverts ~30% of waste in US Benefits Resource conservation
Pollution reduction
Energy savings
Job creation
Less need for landfills + incinerators

20. Recycling Programs Container Laws Mandatory Recycling Laws
Deposit on beverage containers.
Mandatory Recycling Laws
Provide incentive to recycle.
Curbside Recycling
,000 U.S. cities
,000 US cities