1. Body Systems

2. Endocrine System Organs
Pituitary gland
Produces growth hormones
Adrenal gland
Produces adrenaline for fight or flight
Thyroid gland
Produces thyroxin which regulates metabolism
Testes
Produces testosterone used in sperm production and male traits
Ovaries
Produces estrogen used in egg production and female traits
Pancreas
Produces insulin to regulate sugar in bloodstream
Inside right = Functions = bold and underlined
Inside left = Organs

3. Endocrine System Functions
Glands release hormones into the bloodstream to control body functions
Second messenger system (SLOW)
Inside right = Functions = bold and underlined
Inside left = Organs = easiest example to help you remember

4. Integumentary Organs Organs Skin – largest organ Sweat glands Nails
Hair

5. Integumentary Function
Acts as a barrier between you and the outside world.
Regulates body temperature and removes wastes through sweat

6. Excretory System Organs
Kidneys
Filter wastes from blood
Ureters
Tubes that lead from each kidney to bladder
Bladder
Muscular organ that holds urine
Urethra
Tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body

7. Excretory System Function
Excrete = to get rid of = REMOVE
Maintain homeostasis (equilibrium) by
Removing blood of LIQUID wastes such as urine and sweat
Controls blood volume by removing extra fluid

8. Nervous System Organs Organs Brain Spinal Cord Nerves
Interprets and translates information from nerve impulses
Spinal Cord
Messages are sent to the brain through the spinal cord
Exception are reflexes that skip the spinal cord and go straight to the brain
Nerves
Carry messages throughout the body

9. Nervous System Functions
First messenger system
Sends messages as electrical impulses

10. Nervous System (Central and Peripheral)
Central Nervous System (CNS)
Brain and Spinal Cord
Regulates VITAL functions
Heart rate
Breathing
Hormone Release
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
Carries information toward the central nervous system
Send impulses away from CNS

11. Digestive System Organs
Mouth
AMYLASE breaks down carbohydrates into simple sugars
Esophagus
Stomach
PEPSIN is an enzyme that breaks down proteins
Digested food is called chime
Small Intestine
Chime is absorbed into the bloodstream
Large Intestine
Removes water from chime
Rectum
Solid food travels out of the body

12. Digestive System Functions
Chemically and physically break down food
Convert food into essential nutrients that are absorbed into the bloodstream
Nutrients are absorbed in small intestine

13. Immune/Lymphatic Organs
White Blood Cells (WBC)
Spleen
Filter blood
Lymph Nodes
Filter lymph from dead cells, antigens before returning it to the blood stream
Thymus
Near heart
Where T cells learn their jobs
Lymph
Fluid that leaked out of cells
Lymphatic Vessels
Collect lymph and return it to the bloodstream
Bone Marrow
B cell production

14. Immune/Lymphatic Functions
Fight off diseases caused by pathogens
First Line of Defense
Skin
Saliva in mouth
Hair and mucus in beathing passages
Stomach acid – traps and kills most pathogens
Second Line of Defense (Widespread)
Inflammatory response
WBC fighting infection (antigens)
Third Line of Defense (Specific)
Immune response
WBC, T cells, and lymphocytes recognize a virus and activate B-Cells

15. Muscular System Organs
Organs/Parts
Skeletal muscle
Attached to the bone by tendons
Smooth muscle
Stomach, Intestine, Uterus
Cardiac muscle
Only in the heart

16. Muscular System Functions
Enable the body to move
Voluntary muscles
Muscles you can control
Arms, legs, hands, and face
Involuntary muscles
You can’t control
They move automatically
Cardiac muscles, stomach, intestines

17. Skeletal System Organs
Bones
Joints
Connect bone to muscle by tendons
Connect bone to bone by ligaments
Ligaments
Ligaments are tough bands of tissue that hold bones together

18. Skeletal System Functions
Bones are the framework for the body providing its shape
Protection for internal organs
Blood cell production
Made in red bone marrow
Stores calcium and phosphorous

19. Respiratory System Organs
Nose
Trachea
Larynx
Voice box
Lungs
Bronchi
Two large passageways leading to lungs
Aveoli
Site of gas exchange (inflatable sacs)
Diaphragm
The muscle under the lungs.
It contracts and relaxes to move gases in and out of lungs

20. Respiratory System Functions
Respire = to breathe
Gas exchange
Delivering oxygen to the body (inhale) and removing carbon dioxide from the body (exhale)

21. Circulatory System Organs
Heart
Pumps Blood
Blood
RBC,WBC,platelets, plasma
Hemoglobin – iron rich protein that carries oxygen
Blood Vessels
Arteries – carry oxygen RICH blood AWAY from the heart
Veins – carry oxygen POOR blood INTO the heart
Capillaries – connect arteries and veins

22. Circulatory System Function
Transport system
Moves oxygen to the cells (Arteries)
Carries carbon dioxide away from the cells (Veins)

23. Reproductive Organs Female: Male: Ovary Utereus Fallopian Tubes Vagina
produces eggs = female gamete
Produces estrogen
Utereus
Holds the embryo, fetus, baby
Fallopian Tubes
Catches the egg from the ovary and transports it to the uterus
Vagina
Allow entry of sperm and exit of baby at birth
Male:
Penis
Places sperm inside the female body
Testis
Produces sperm = male gamete
Produces testosterone

24. Reproductive Functions
To ensure the survival of the species
To reproduce gametes = sex cells
To nurture the developing offspring