1. Metals in the periodic table
7.1 Using Metals
Metals in the periodic table
Most elements are metals
The elements on the left of the stepped line are metals.

2. Find 3 essential properties of metals for water pipes
7.1 Using Metals
Find 3 essential properties of metals for water pipes
Malleable
Do not react with water or air
Strong
Metal choices…
…copper or lead
More information:
Lead is no longer used for water pipes because it can make poisonous solutions. 2

3. Find 4 essential properties of metals for saucepans
7.1 Using Metals
Find 4 essential properties of metals for saucepans
Good conductors of heat
Do not react with water
Malleable
Strong
Metal choices…
…copper, aluminium or stainless steel 3

4. Find 4 essential properties of metals for jewellery
7.1 Using Metals
Find 4 essential properties of metals for jewellery
Shiny
Hard
Malleable
Do not react with water or air
Metal choices…
…gold, silver, platinum 4

5. Find 3 essential properties of metals for electrical wiring
7.1 Using Metals
Find 3 essential properties of metals for electrical wiring
Ductile
Good conductor of electricity
Do not react with water or air
Metal choices…
…copper, aluminium
More information:
Copper is a better conductor than aluminium 5

6. Find 4 essential properties of metals for long-distance power cables
7.1 Using Metals
Find 4 essential properties of metals for long-distance power cables
Ductile
Good conductors of electricity
Low density
Do not react with water or air
Metal choices…
…copper, aluminium
More information:
Copper is 3 times denser than aluminium 6

7. Find 4 essential properties of metals for aeroplanes
7.1 Using Metals
Find 4 essential properties of metals for aeroplanes
Low density
Malleable
Do not react with water or air
Strong
Metal choice…
…aluminium
More information:
Aluminium does not react with water or air because it forms a protective coating on its surface 7

8. Find 4 essential properties of metals for light bulb filaments
7.1 Using Metals
Find 4 essential properties of metals for light bulb filaments
Ductile
Glow when hot
Very high melting points (so they don’t melt when they glow)
Good conductor of electricity
Metal choice…
…tungsten
More information:
Tungsten has the highest melting point of all metals (3410 ºC) 8

9. Find 2 essential properties of metals for a tip-over switch
7.1 Using Metals
Find 2 essential properties of metals for a tip-over switch
Tip-over switches in electric heaters switch off the current if the heater falls over, so preventing fires.
Good conductors of electricity
Liquid at room temperature
Metal choice…
…mercury
More information:
Mercury is the only metal that is liquid at room temperature. Its melting point is ºC and its boiling point is 357 ºC 9

10. Find 8 properties that most metals have
7.1 Using Metals
Find 8 properties that most metals have
Strong
Solid at room temperature (melting point above 25 ºC)
Good conductor of electricity
Good conductor of heat
Shiny (at least when first cut)
Malleable
Ductile
Hard 10

11. But metals are not all the same…
7.1 Using Metals
But metals are not all the same… 11

12. 7.1 Using Metals Extreme metals Melting points
Highest – tungsten melts at 3410 ºC.
Lowest – mercury melts at ºC, so it is liquid at room temperature. 12

13. 7.1 Using Metals Extreme metals Density
Highest – iridium and osmium (22.5 g/cm³)
(lead 11.3 g/cm³)
Lowest – potassium (0.86 g/cm³)
(aluminium 2.70 g/cm³)
So a centimetre cube of iridium weighs 26 times as much as one of potassium! 13

14. 7.1 Using Metals Extreme metals Reactions in water and air
Don’t react at all – platinum and gold
React violently – potassium, rubidium, caesium 14

15. 7.1 Using Metals Metal patterns
Different metals have many similarities…
…but many differences
In this unit you will…
Look at some properties of different metals
Find patterns in these properties
Use the patterns to predict metal reactions 15