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organization and jurisdiction of the federal court system
*Objective 5.2 *Describe the organization and jurisdiction of the federal court system
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punishment rehabilitation
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protecting the public protecting the accused
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U.S. District Courts
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*the only type of federal court set up for trials
*District Courts are… *the only type of federal court set up for trials
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*the only federal courts with juries
District Courts are… *the only federal courts with juries
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*original jurisdiction
District Courts have… *original jurisdiction
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*there is at least one located in every state
District Courts: *there is at least one located in every state
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*A trial is held in the state where crime was committed
District Courts *A trial is held in the state where crime was committed
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District Courts are… *where 90% of work is done
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*criminal and civil cases
District handle both… *criminal and civil cases
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*judges are appointed for life by President and approved by Senate
District Court… *judges are appointed for life by President and approved by Senate
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*District Court Officials
*US Marshal – subpoenas, keep order, make arrests *Magistrate Judges – hear minor cases, send to grand jury *US Attorney – federal prosecutor
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U.S. Court of Appeals
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*one level above District Courts
*Court of Appeals is… *one level above District Courts
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*appellate jurisdiction
Court of Appeals has… *appellate jurisdiction
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federal regulatory agencies
Court of Appeals… *only hears cases appealed from lower courts or federal regulatory agencies
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Court of Appeals *There are 12 U.S. Court of Appeals
Cover several states: called a circuit
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*receives cases from the districts in its circuit
each Court of Appeals… *receives cases from the districts in its circuit
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Court of Appeals judges:
*cases are review by a panel of 3 federal judges
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*judges rule on whether rights have been protected and
Court of Appeals … *judges rule on whether the defendant’s rights have been protected and if the trial was fair
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THIS IS NOT A NEW TRIAL
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*THIS IS A REVIEW of the DISTRICT COURT TRIAL
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U.S. Supreme Court
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U.S. Supreme Court in 2000
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view from Chief Justice's seat
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*the TOP federal court!!! District and Appeal Courts are LOWER COURTS
*Supreme Court is… *the TOP federal court!!! District and Appeal Courts are LOWER COURTS
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*hears only significant legal or Constitutional questions
Supreme Court… *hears only significant legal or Constitutional questions
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*Supreme Court rulings…
*must be followed by the Legislative Branch & Executive Branch
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*protected from politics therefore its hearings are fair
Supreme Court is… *protected from politics therefore its hearings are fair
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*Supreme Court has… *JUDICIAL REVIEW
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(definition of judicial review)
Supreme Court has… (definition of judicial review) *the power to overturn any law which is in conflict with the Constitution
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*can review any federal or state law
Supreme Court can… *can review any federal or state law
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*9 members: 1 is “Chief Justice” 8 are “Associate Justices”
Supreme Court has… *9 members: 1 is “Chief Justice” 8 are “Associate Justices”
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Supreme Court justices…
serve for life
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Supreme Court justices…
*may be impeached (accused) by House and tried (removed) by Senate
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*in session on the 1st Monday in October through the following June
Supreme Court is… *in session on the 1st Monday in October through the following June
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