1. CIT 384: Network Administration
Introduction
CIT 384: Network Administration

2. Who am I? http://www.nku.edu/~waldenj1
James Walden
Assistant Professor of Computer Science
Interests:
Software Assurance
Information Security
Programming Languages
Network Security
CIT 384: Network Administration

3. Course Administration
Web Site
Notes, readings, and assignments on web site.
Assignment submission
Send electronic submissions to
Contact Information
Phone: (859)
Office Hours: MW 2:00-3:00
CIT 384: Network Administration

4. CIT 384: Network Administration
Course Information
General network admin class
We will use Cisco hardware and books.
But this is not a Cisco certification class.
Prerequisites
INF 284
Laboratory Facilities
ST 361
Textbooks
CCNA Official Exam Certification Library, 3rd edition, Wendell Odom, Cisco Press, 2007.
CIT 384: Network Administration

5. CIT 384: Network Administration
Grading
Grades are based on
Midterm Exam (30%)
Final Exam (30%)
Labs (20%)
Quizzes (20%) A
90-100 B
80-89 C
70-79 D
60-69 F
0-60
CIT 384: Network Administration

6. CIT 384: Network Administration
Assignment Policy
Available on web page.
Your responsibility to check for announcements.
Types of assignments
Individual system/network assignments.
Group system/network assignments.
Late policy
20% penalty up to one week late
0 points given after one week late
Submission format
Use submit command on kosh.
CIT 384: Network Administration

7. CIT 384: Network Administration
Topics
TCP/IP Architecture
OSI Reference Model
Cisco certification overview
CIT 384: Network Administration

8. CIT 384: Network Administration
TCP/IP Layering
Application
Transport
Network
Network Access
HTTP, FTP, telnet
TCP, UDP
IP, ICMP, IGMP
PPP, , Ethernet
CIT 384: Network Administration

9. CIT 384: Network Administration
Application Layer
Applications have their own protocols.
ex: FTP, HTTP, IRC, POP, SMTP, ssh, telnet
Request/response pattern
Client requests data from the server.
Server sends a response to client.
Figure from chapter 2 of CCENT/CCNA ICND1 Official Exam Certification Guide, 2nd ed
CIT 384: Network Administration

10. CIT 384: Network Administration
Transport Layer
Two main protocols: TCP and UDP
TCP guarantees delivery of data across network
Error detection and recovery
Sequence numbers and ACKs
CIT 384: Network Administration

11. CIT 384: Network Administration
Network Layer
IP transmits data across the network.
Addressing
Routing
CIT 384: Network Administration

12. CIT 384: Network Administration
Network Access Layer
Physically connects one computer to another.
Common protocols
Ethernet
PPP
802.11
CIT 384: Network Administration

13. Encapsulation/De-multiplexing
Sending: data sent down protocol stack
Each layer prepends a header to data
Ethernet frame sent as bit stream across wire
Receiving: data moves up protocol stack
NIC moves bits into memory as ethernet frame
Each layer removes its header from packet
CIT 384: Network Administration

14. CIT 384: Network Administration
Encapsulation
Figure 1.7 from TCP/IP Illustrated, Vol 1.
CIT 384: Network Administration

15. CIT 384: Network Administration
De-multiplexing
Figure 1.8 from TCP/IP Illustrated, Vol 1.
CIT 384: Network Administration

16. CIT 384: Network Administration
TCP/IP Security
TCP/IP has no built-in strong security.
No confidentiality features.
Minimal availability features (ToS options).
Insecure CRC checksums for integrity.
IPsec protocol extension adds security.
CIT 384: Network Administration

17. Comparing OSI and TCP/IP
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical
Application
Transport
Network
Network Access
CIT 384: Network Administration

18. CIT 384: Network Administration
OSI Model
Breaks concepts into smaller parts.
Standard interfaces between layers.
Easier to develop and modify network stack.
Multivendor interoperability.
Modular engineering.
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical
CIT 384: Network Administration

19. CIT 384: Network Administration
Application Layer
Interface between user application and network stack.
User authentication.
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical
CIT 384: Network Administration

20. CIT 384: Network Administration
Presentation Layer
Define and negotatiate data formats.
ASCII, UTF-8, etc.
Byte order.
JPG, PNG, GIF, TIFF,...
Encryption.
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical
CIT 384: Network Administration

21. CIT 384: Network Administration
Session Layer
Starts, stops, and manages sessions.
Web browser sessions.
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical
CIT 384: Network Administration

22. CIT 384: Network Administration
Transport Layer
Protocols may be connection-oriented (TCP), which provide virtual circuits, or connectionless.
Data delivery.
Error recovery.
Flow control.
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical
CIT 384: Network Administration

23. CIT 384: Network Administration
Network Layer
End to end delivery of data across the network.
Logical addressing.
Routing.
Path determination.
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical
CIT 384: Network Administration

24. CIT 384: Network Administration
Data Link Layer
Transmits data between two adjacent computers.
Logical link control
Flow control
Error correction
Media access control
Who can transmit when.
Breaks data into frames.
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical
CIT 384: Network Administration

25. CIT 384: Network Administration
Physical Layer
Connectors and cables.
Data encoding.
Electrical characteristics.
Application
Presentation
Session
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical
CIT 384: Network Administration

26. Cisco Certification Overview
Associate: single written exam.
Professional: multiple written exams.
Expert: multiple written + 1 day lab exam.
CIT 384: Network Administration

27. Entry-level Cisco Certifications
ICND1+ICND2: easier, cover ½ material each.
CCNA: cheaper, as you only pay for 1 exam.
CIT 384: Network Administration

28. CIT 384: Network Administration
Renewals
CCNA is valid for three years.
To renew your CCNA, you must either
Take the CCNA exam again.
Take or pass a higher level certification exam.
CIT 384: Network Administration

29. CIT 384: Network Administration
CCNP
Topics: QoS, broadband, VPN, security.
Requirements
CCNA
3 or 4 tests
Tests
BSCI: Building Scalable Cisco Internetworks
BCMSN: Building Cisco Multilayer Switched Networks
ISCW: Implementing Secure Converged WANs
ONT: Optimizing Converged Cisco Networks
CIT 384: Network Administration

30. Specialist Certifications
CCDP: Network Design
Requires CCDA + CCNA.
CCIP: Internetworking
WAN technologies, including BGP, MPLS
CCSP: Security
Network security, including IDS, ASA/PIX, VPN.
CCVP: Voice
Voice technologies, including VoIP, IP telephony.
CIT 384: Network Administration

31. CIT 384: Network Administration
CCIE
Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert
Requirements
Written exam.
8-hour lab at Cisco testing facility.
Tracks
Routing and Switching
Security
Service Provider (WAN)
Storage Networking
Voice
CIT 384: Network Administration

32. CIT 384: Network Administration
References
James Boney, Cisco IOS in a Nutshell, 2nd edition, O’Reilly, 2005.
Cisco, Cisco Connection Documentation,
Cisco, Internetworking Basics,
Wendell Odom, CCNA Official Exam Certification Library, 3rd edition, Cisco Press, 2007.
Priscilla Oppenheimer and Joseph Bardwell, Troubleshooting Campus Networks, Addison-Wesley, 2002.
W. Richard Stevens, TCP/IP Illustrated, Addison-Wesley, 1994.
CIT 384: Network Administration