1. NAFA Technical Seminar
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2
ISO FDIS 21220
NAFA Technical Seminar
Memphis, TN
April 16, 2008
Charlie Kern
Senior Research Engineer
Johns Manville

2. ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2
ISO FDIS 21220
I am currently a voting member of 52.2 and incoming chair of the US TAG to ISO TC The discussion of what has happened and the current status of both the optional KCl conditional procedure in 52.2 and the FDIS is factual information that can be found in committee minutes.
Any discussion of future events and opinions however are personal comments in this presentation and as such I am not speaking for the committee and my comments may not represent the feelings of either the 52.2 committee or the US TAG.

3. Discussion Points ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2 ISO FDIS 21220
Review of 52.2 optional KCl conditioning step
Introduction of MERV-A
What next?
Coming attractions —ISO FDIS 21220
Potential impact of these standards in US
Challenges for next Generation Standards

4. Acknowledgements ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2 ISO FDIS 21220
Phil Winters — Current chair of US TAG to ISO TC 142
Don Thornburg — Current chair of SSPC 52.2

5. KCl Conditioning Step ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2 ISO FDIS 21220
Optional test
Will be published as Appendix J of ASHRAE Standard

6. Two Conditioning Procedures
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2
ISO FDIS 21220
Two Conditioning Procedures
ASHRAE Standard 52.2 as written has a conditioning step
30 grams of ASHRAE dust are loaded onto a filter to “Condition” the filter
Optional KCl conditioning method replaces the 30 gram dust load step if the optional procedure is requested by the person requesting the filter test

7. Where is the KCl conditioning step?
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2
ISO FDIS 21220
Where is the KCl conditioning step?
52.2 committee met at ASHRAE winter meeting in New York
Draft was written and approved to include KCl conditioning as an optional procedure
Procedure will be in the informative appendix of the standard, Appendix J
Optional KCl conditioning step is expected to be published approximately summer 2008

8. Why optional ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2 ISO FDIS 21220
Compromise-Balance
Inclusion into the standard would have required resolving approximately 85 public comments
Resolving the comments would have required another public review after which similar comments might have resurfaced
52.2 committee felt there was a need to resolve the issue and in some way keep MERV from becoming irrelevant to the industry

9. Optional Conditioning Step
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2
ISO FDIS 21220
Optional Conditioning Step
The KCl conditioning step is written as an optional procedure but will provide a recognized method for evaluation of the performance end users may see from filters in the field
Unless the optional KCl conditioning is requested, there is no change to the 52.2 conditioning procedure and the report from the test will contain the same test data as before
The data report when the KCl conditioning step is used will show the conditioning step data with other changes in data output

10. Is Optional a Bad Thing? ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2 ISO FDIS 21220
Even though the KCl conditioning is optional, it provides a documented US method of evaluating potential field performance of a filter
End users that require consistent efficiency have this optional KCl conditioning method available to them for evaluating filters
End users that are satisfied with the status quo have the option of not using the procedure

11. ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2
ISO FDIS 21220
Who is MERV-A OR

12. Why Different Nomenclature?
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2
ISO FDIS 21220
Why Different Nomenclature?
ASHRAE Standard 52.2 with MERV has evolved to the point where it is written into codes, other standards and customer specifications. To simply change the method of test and still call the result MERV knowing it is a different value would have created untold confusion in the industry.
Lab tested filter performance with the two conditioning steps will in many cases be different.

13. Meet MERV-A ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2 ISO FDIS 21220
In order to distinguish the data when using the KCl conditioning step, MERV-A was adapted by the committee.
Why MERV-A? — It is logical in any specification evolution to have the first change letter “A” followed by “B”, etc.

14. Text Used in the KCl Conditioning Step Appendix
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2
ISO FDIS 21220
Text Used in the KCl Conditioning Step Appendix
All text used to discuss MERV-A will reference “A”
MERV is determined by efficiency in E1 ,E2 and E3
MERV-A is determined by efficiency in E1-A, E2-A, and E3-A
Results of a filter will be written as MERV-A XX-A
Example: A filter with a value of 12 using the KCl conditioning step would be reported as MERV-A 12-A.

15. Some ground rules ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2 ISO FDIS 21220
The same filter CANNOT be conditioned per the standard and also conditioned using the KCl method
The same filter CANNOT have a MERV and a MERV-A
A single test report CANNOT have a MERV and a MERV-A value
In order to get a MERV and a MERV-A, two filters must be tested

16. The KCl difference ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2 ISO FDIS 21220
Efficiency measurements taken after:
Standard conditioning KCl Conditioning
Before any dust is fed Before any dust is fed or cond.
After 30 g Dust After KCl conditioning
At ¼ air flow res inc. At ¼ air flow res inc.
At ½ air flow res inc. At ½ air flow res inc.
At ¾ air flow res inc. At ¾ air flow res inc.
Final end point Final end point

17. ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2
ISO FDIS 21220

18. Why KCl conditioning ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2 ISO FDIS 21220
EN779 uses IPA – why not go with a proven discharge method?
Diesel soot has been proposed as a conditioning method
Something else?

19. Why KCl conditioning ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2 ISO FDIS 21220
IPA is a recognized discharge method not a conditioning method and is the method of choice for EN779 and FDIS 21220
Can alter the fiber structure
Will result in the absolute minimum efficiency
data indicates that efficiency in the field may not drop this low
A full size filter can require a large amount of exposed IPA in the lab

20. Why KCl conditioning ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2 ISO FDIS 21220
In ASHRAE research, diesel was shown to be the closest to field performance in the limited cases studied.
Diesel can be variable and much harder to control
Much more difficult to write a procedure into a specification

21. Why KCl conditioning ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2 ISO FDIS 21220
ASHRAE Standard 52.2 is under continuous maintenance and if another conditioning procedure is presented to the committee, it could be:
Rejected
Adopted as another optional method
Replace the KCl conditioning method
Replace the 30 g dust load conditioning in the standard

22. What Next? ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2 ISO FDIS 21220
Users will determine the need and value of having a KCl conditioned result
Since KCl conditioning is an optional procedure in the 52.2 Standard Appendix, generally it will not be written into code or standards
People wanting the KCl conditioned results for deciding on filter applications can write the optional conditioning step into their specifications

23. What Next? ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2 ISO FDIS 21220
Major concerns to be addressed by the 52.2 committee
Will the KCl conditioning step be used?
Data collection to demonstrate repeatability or lack thereof for the KCl conditioning procedure
Could be consideration for inclusion as a required part of the standard after sufficient data and demonstration of use

24. Coming Attractions ISO FDIS 21220
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2
ISO FDIS 21220
Coming Attractions
ISO FDIS 21220

25. ISO Organization ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2 ISO FDIS 21220
Each member country is represented on the ISO TC and has one vote
ANSI is the US representative to ISO and has the US vote
There is a US Technical Advisory Group (TAG) set up by ANSI to advise and vote at the ISO proceedings
Each US TAG is specific to an ISO TC

26. ISO Organization ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2 ISO FDIS 21220
There is an administrator set up by ANSI to work with the TAG and maintain the organization of the TAG
The ISO TC is made up of working groups
Each working group has a specific assignment and is made up of a convener (chair) and experts from around the world
The working group has the assignment to prepare a document for their specific task and there is a time line

27. ISO Organization ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2 ISO FDIS 21220
ISO TC 142 “Cleaning Equipment for Air and Other Gasses”
Initially the administrator for the US TAG to ISO TC 142 was IEST and is now being switched to ASHRAE

28. ISO TC 142 “Cleaning Equipment for Air and Other Gasses”
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2
ISO FDIS 21220
ISO TC 142 “Cleaning Equipment for Air and Other Gasses”
WG 1 – Terminology WG 2 - Air filters for residential applications WG 3 – General ventilation filters WG 4 – HEPA and ULPA filters WG 5 – Cartridge filters WG 6 – Standardized face dimensions of general ventilation filters WG 7 – In-service behavior of air cleaning devices WG 8 – Gas-phase contamination removal devices WG 9 – Air intake filters for gas turbines WG 10 – Exhaust fumes treatment WG 11 – Electrostatic precipitators for HVAC applications WG 12 – UV-C devices

29. ISO TC 142 “Cleaning Equipment for Air and Other Gasses”
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2
ISO FDIS 21220
ISO TC 142 “Cleaning Equipment for Air and Other Gasses”
WG 1 – Terminology WG 2 - Air filters for residential applications WG 3 – General ventilation filters WG 4 – HEPA and ULPA filters
WG 8 – Gas-phase contamination removal devices WG 9 – Air intake filters for gas turbines WG 12 – UV-C devices

30. ISO FDIS 21220-General Ventilation Filter Standard-WG 03
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2
ISO FDIS 21220
ISO FDIS General Ventilation Filter Standard-WG 03
FDIS— Final Draft International Standard
21220 is the ISO standard that will be an international standard for air filter testing once approved by voting members
Truly is a compromise between EN 779 and ASHRAE Standard 52.2

31. ISO FDIS 21220 - Highlights ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2 ISO FDIS 21220
Separates filters into high and low efficiency
Requires IPA dip on small media sample
A full filter is tested at 0.4 µm using DEHS as a challenge
Efficiency of <20% — filter will be tested according to Coarse method
Efficiency of 20% or greater— filter will be tested according to fine method.

32. ISO FDIS 21220 - Highlights ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2 ISO FDIS 21220
Coarse Method
Filter is tested using 1µm – 5µm KCl as challenge to 250 Pa
Filter is loaded using ASHRAE dust
Fine Method
Filter is tested using 0.3µm - 1µm DEHS as challenge to 375 Pa
Filter is loaded using ISO Fine dust

33. ISO FDIS 21220 - Highlights ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2 ISO FDIS 21220
IPA dip testing
Efficiency testing of media sample from IPA dip will use the same Coarse/Fine criteria for determining testing of dip sample
Data from the efficiency testing of the sample must be reported — not optional

34. ISO FDIS 21220 - Highlights ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2 ISO FDIS 21220
21220 is ONLY A TEST STANDARD.
It will not provide a performance criteria for the tested filter
It will provide only a data set
Each participating country will be required to develop a criteria for determining filter performance from the data set before they can use the standard

35. What Will Happen to EN779? ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2 ISO FDIS 21220
Status will have to be decided by CEN
EN 779 could become the interpretive standard for FDIS 21220
EN 779 could stay an active standard and Europe could have two standards like the US
CEN will vote on whether to adopt as an EN or keep 779 — Vote probably between July and September

36. How Will the US Handle the Interpretation of the data from FDIS 21220?
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2
ISO FDIS 21220
How Will the US Handle the Interpretation of the data from FDIS 21220?
Yet to be determined
Handled by ASHRAE?
Handled by another organization?
NAFA
ARI

37. How Will the US Handle the Interpretation of the data from FDIS 21220?
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2
ISO FDIS 21220
How Will the US Handle the Interpretation of the data from FDIS 21220?
If handled by ASHRAE
We have been able to get the data set needed to develop a “MERV like” output
Will it be MERV-X?
Will it be part of 52.2?
Will there be a 52.3?

38. What will be the impact in the US?
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2
ISO FDIS 21220
What will be the impact in the US?
US is not required to use an ISO standard over a US standard
Two standards will probably exist
Business alone will drive the one that gets used
International companies may migrate to the to avoid using two standards
Both standards will certainly exist together for many years to come
After all there are specifications still calling for 52-68!

39. The Challenges for Next Generation Test Standards
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2
ISO FDIS 21220
The Challenges for Next Generation Test Standards
My “for sure” list
As filter users become better educated in filter performance and cost, more accurate performance data will be required
Better IAQ will be required, possibly mandated
Health issues will be critical in determining IAQ

40. The Challenges for Next Generation Test Standards
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2
ISO FDIS 21220
The Challenges for Next Generation Test Standards
My “for sure” list continued
Filtration for finer and finer particles will be required
Life Cycle Cost will become a major component of the equation as energy costs continue to escalate

41. The Challenges for Next Generation Test Standards
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2
ISO FDIS 21220
The Challenges for Next Generation Test Standards
My “probably will happen” list
New generation filtration will meet needed IAQ criteria
New or revised test standards will be required to keep the filter industry honest with the new filtration methods
In-situ testing will become predominate verification mechanism so that systems can be tested and not just filters

42. The Challenges for Next Generation Test Standards
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2
ISO FDIS 21220
The Challenges for Next Generation Test Standards
My “probably will happen” list
As test standards are developed to better define filter performance, liability issues associated with poor or misstated filter performance will become more prevalent
This could be enhanced as the health community continues research and identifies health areas associated with poor IAQ

43. The Challenges for Next Generation Test Standards
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2
ISO FDIS 21220
The Challenges for Next Generation Test Standards
My list of concerns
Inaction or misguided action on the part of standards organizations may result in governmental intervention
NIOSH, EPA and FTC for example

44. The Challenges for Next Generation Test Standards
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2
ISO FDIS 21220
The Challenges for Next Generation Test Standards
My list of “concerns”
The filtration industry in general is not prepared to deal with the complexity in writing standards and application specific uses for filters
Special interests may result in segmented test standards that allow misapplication into markets and may result in poor performing filters due to those misapplications

45. NAFA Technical Seminar
ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 52.2
ISO FDIS 21220
NAFA Technical Seminar
Memphis, TN
April 16, 2008