1. CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS
Start by drawing a chlorine and sodium Bohr-Rutherford diagram on the board and show how the electrons are shared Talk about how sodium has a charge of +1 and chlorine has a charge of -1

2. Different ways for atoms to combine…
Metal + Non-Metal
form compound made up of charged particles that become ions by gaining or losing electrons
Non-Metal + Non-Metal
Nucleus of one atom forms strong attraction to valence electron of another atom
“tug of war” for electrons occurs, but neither atom wins
Instead, the two atoms share each other’s electrons, resulting in a what we call a covalent bond that holds the atoms together
Metal + Metal
Alloys created by melting two or more metals and then mixing the
Different from compounds because they are solutions of metals and atoms are not chemically joined

3. IONIC COMPOUNDS (metal + non-metal)
Ionic compound: a compound that consists of positively and negatively charged ions
Atoms want to be stable
In ionic compounds, atoms become stable by either gaining or losing electrons to accomplish a full outer shell
An ionic bond is created
examples

4. Important terms…
Ion: a particle that has either a positive or a negative charge
Cation: a positively charged ion
Anion: a negatively charged ion

5. What could it join with in order to accomplish this?
What would have to happen to a lithium atom in order for it to become chemically “stable”?
What could it join with in order to accomplish this?
examples

6. Bonding Between Alkali Metals and Halogens
FLUORINE
CHLORINE
BROMINE
IODINE
LITHIUM
LiF
LiCl
LiBr
LiI
SODIUM
NaF
NaCl
NaBr
NaI
POTASSIUM KF
KCl
KBr KI
Naming:
The name of the metal does not change
the name of the non-metal takes an “ide” ending
Ex. NaCl  Sodium chloride

7. Mg v Cl 2+ 1-

8. Ca Cl
Needs to lose 2 electrons
Needs to gain 1 electron
CaCl2

9. Bonding between Alkaline Earth Metals and Halogens
FLUORINE
CHLORINE
BROMINE
IODINE
Beryllium
Magnesium
Calcium
BeF2
BeCl2
BeBr2
BeI2
MgF2
MgCl2
MgBr2
MgI2
CaF2
CaCl2
CaBr2
CaI2