1. By Mr. Mutahar AL-Nahari
Literature Review By
Mr. Mutahar AL-Nahari

2. Parts of Presentation The topic will be discussed in terms of:
Definitions
Purpose of Literature Review(LR)
Issues considered before Writing LR
Relationships of LR with Components of Research
Organizing LR
Steps & Strategies for Writing LR

3. Definitions
A literature review is “an account of what has been published on a topic by accredited scholars and researchers”( Taylor, D. and Procter,M.2005)
It is the critical description and synthesis of a number of research that lead to final report regarding the rationale for the study” (Seliger and Shohami, 1989,P. 82).

4. Two Types of Literature
Conceptual Literature: Concepts and Theories
Empirical Literature: Relevant Previous Studies

5. Why Literature Review? To Rationalize significance of problem
To Identify relationships between IDEAS and PRATICE.
To Find out important VARIABLES relevant to the topic.
*Gaining methodological insights
To Recognize HOW researchers use their methods and approaches.
Avoiding fruitless approaches
To Show how YOUR Study to Existing Literature( not mere duplication)

6. Before Preparing Literature Review, Consider the Following Issues:
Plagiarism
Without literature on your topic , Modify…
Search for RQ in LR
Don’t include any Source
Relevance

7. Relationship of Literature Review with other Components of Research
Research questions
Research Methods
Analysis, Results and Discussion

8. How to Organize Literature Review
Research Questions
Topics & Sub-Topics Central to Study
Variables

9. Steps and Strategies for Writing Literature Review
Identify key terms in your topic.
Identify key authors and journals.
Use state-of-the-art articles.
Scan tables of contents from key journals.
Use reference lists from articles, books, etc.
Avoid the popular press.
Locate Relevant Literature.

10. Steps and Strategies for Writing Literature Review
Identify strengths & weaknesses of individual articles
Critically read the literature.
Identify strengths and weaknesses of the field as a whole

11. Steps and Strategies for Writing Literature Review
Investigate expected length and format of the LR.
Make a preliminary outline.
Organize the literature you will cover.
Limit the scope of the review to the topic at hand.
Prepare to write

12. Steps and Strategies for Writing Literature Review
Write the introduction.
Write sub-sections.
Use transition markers.
Synthesize and critically evaluate LR.
Be careful not to plagiarize.
Practise summarizing & paraphrasing.  
Write the Review.

13. Steps and strategies for writing a literature Review
Indicate the gap.
Use the review to lead to your research questions.
(Unresolved issues)

14. References
Bell, J. (1999). Doing your Research Project. Philadelphia: Open University Press.
Paltridge B. and Starfield, S. (2007). Thesis and Dissertation Writing in a Second Language. New York. Routledge.
 Seliger, H. & Shohamy, E. (1989). Second Language Research Methods. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Taylor, D. and Procter, M. (2008). The Literature Review: A Few Tips On Conducting It. Health Sciences Writing Centre, University of Toronto
 Wallwork, A. (2011). English for Writing Research Paper. New York: Springer

15. The End