1. The Canadian Pacific Railway
Connecting Canada Sea to Sea
Ch5

2. John A. Macdonald
Realized that a transportation and communication link was needed to connect East and West in Canada.
Had promised B.C. a railway if they joined Confederation.
To complete the railway, Macdonald needed to find financial backers—people to pay for the railway.

3. Sir Hugh Allan Had enough money to finance a railway.
Decided that a transcontinental railway made good economic sense, but only with the backing of the US.
By 1871, Allan created the Canadian Pacific Railway Company.

4. “The Pacific Scandal”
Macdonald tried to get Hugh Allan to finance his election.
If Allan contributed money, Macdonald was planning on guaranteeing Allan the CPR contract.
Macdonald was charged with accepting illegal funding— he resigned.

5. Macdonald’s National Policy
In the next election, Macdonald developed his National Policy as an election campaign.
This ensured he was re-elected
Once re-elected the CPR became Macdonald’s top priority.

6. The CPR Cyndicate The three men who financed the railway:
George Stephen
Donald Smith
James J. Hill
Agreed to finish the railway in 10 years.

7. William Van Horne Initial building of the CPR did not go well.
Van Horn was brought in to manage the railway.
He was intelligent and dedicated.
He spent the next four years driving his employees to finish the railway.
Only problem: $$$$
There was not enough!

8. Conditions of Building the Railway
The CPR was built entirely by hand and thousands of people were needed to finish the job.
Working and living conditions were terrible.
Dust from dynamite blasts, insects, over crowding in bunk houses, leaky roofs, and no plumbing were all things that workers dealt with.

9. Chinese Immigrants
Chinese workers were hired by the CPR to fill a worker shortage.
Between 1881 and 1885 more than Chinese immigrants came to B.C. work on the railway.
They were paid less than Canadian workers and lived in separate camps.
It is estimated that more than 600 Chinese died during the 4 years of construction.

10. Back on Track....Almost
With no salaries being paid, workers were forced to strike.
The Canadian gov. passed a Bill that gave the CPR $22.5 million, hoping it was enough to finish the railway.
BUT, once again money was running low.

11. The CPR Saves the Nation
North West Rebellion, 1885
The CPR quickly shipped troops across the country and allowed the gov. to respond to the crisis.
Canadians now understood why a transportation link was necessary.
CPR president could now go back to Macdonald to ask for enough money to complete the railway.

12. The CPR was finished in 1885—five years ahead of schedule!
The last spike!

13. Political Scandal Actvity
Rd. Page 185 in your Horizons Text
Here are a list of 10 Canadian Political Scandals
Your group must pick a scandal and follow the directions on page 185.
Pacific Scandal
Sexual Sterilization Act of Alberta
Driver’s License scandal - BC
Richard Hatfield – New Brunswick
FastCat Fiasco – BC
Ipperwash Crisis – Ontario
Walkerton Water Scandal – Ontario
Kimberly Rogers - Ontario
Toronto Police Drug Scandals
Karl Toft – New Brunswick