1. Prepared by: Sangar Qadir Lana Ahmed
Postmodernism
Prepared by:
Sangar Qadir
Lana Ahmed

2. Concept of Postmodernism
Post: after
Modern: new, now
Postmodernism: a style and a movement comes after Modernism.
Postmodernism was used by Arnold J. Toynbee in 1954.

3. Definition of Postmodernism
Postmodernism is a term that describes the postmodernist movement in the arts and literature, it’s set of cultural tendencies and associated cultural movements. It is the era that follows Modernism.

4. Historical Background
Appeared in 1970 then extended till 1990.
It appeared to destroy every thing belongs to Modernism.
Postmodernism had a strong relationship with development of capitalism in Europe.
At the beginning it saw the light in painting, sculpture and architecture then transformed to the literature.

5. Sides of Postmodernism
1-Philosophical Side.
2-Historical Side.
3-Idiological Side.
4-Literature Side.

6. Post Modernism Based on:
1- Deconstruction.
2- Doubt.
3- Non-existence philosophy.
4- Strangeness and Ambiguity.
5- Mixing literature sorts.
6-Ascendency of Media.

7. Pioneers of Postmodernism
A- Jean Baudrij: criticizing technology and Media.
B- Francios Lyotard: rejecting substance.
C- Jacques Derrida: interested in deconstruction of Enlightenment of Europe.
D- Gilles Deleuze: he attached importance to multiplicity.
E- Literary Men: Samuel Beckett, John Barth, Italo Calvino, William Gaddis, Milan Kundera

8. Valuating Postmodernism
Goods of Postmodernism:
1- Liberating human from illusion of substance.
2- To doubt of those principles that European people strongly belief in.
3- It beliefs in multiplicity.
4- Postmodernism is against injustice and racism.
5- It focuses on culture and literature of poor people.

9. Valuating Postmodernism
- Wrongs of Postmodernism:
1- postmodernism depends on anarchism.
2- It is not able to give us actual alternative.
3- The liberty that exist in postmodernism make people do not belief any thing and evaluate nothing.
4- There is no limits in postmodernism.
5- Its focus on culture and literature of poor people make it an able to change anything.
6- The basic of Modernism is equality, according to Habermas this equality does not finish yet.

10. Thank you