2. Highway Beautification Act 23 USC 131 (d)
Signs may be erected in areas…which are zoned industrial or commercial under authority of State Law
States shall have full authority…to zone for commercial or industrial purposes and the actions of the States will be accepted for purposes of this Act.

3. SO, What is zoning?

4. Perhaps more importantly, what does 23 CFR 750.708 mean by zoning?

5. "Zoning" means the power of local governments to provide
"Zoning" means the power of local governments to provide ...for the zoning or districting of property for various uses and the prohibition of other or different uses within such zones or districts and for the regulation of development and the improvement of real estate within such zones or districts in accordance with the uses of property for which such zones or districts were established.

6. Model State Zoning Enabling Act
Defines Zoning:
The establishment by local governments of districts that are restricted to various types of manufacturing, commercial, or residential use.
1923
Herbert Hoover Secretary of Commerce

7. Four types of zoning

8. Euclidean Zoning Most common and most traditional approach to zoning
Regulates development through land use classifications and dimensional standards. Typical classifications are :
Single or multi-family residential
Commercial
Industrial
Institutional
Recreational

9. Euclidean Zoning - continued
Traditional goals:
Providing for orderly growth
Preventing overcrowding of land and people
Alleviating congestion
Separating incompatible uses

10. Form-Based Code
Emphasis on regulating form and scale of buildings and their placement within public spaces.
Urban planning goals include curbing urban sprawl, promoting pedestrian safety, and preserving the fabric of historic neighborhoods.
Plan designates appropriate form, scale and character of development rather than distinctions in land-use types.

11. Incentive Zoning
Offers a reward (usually increased density) to developers who do something "extra“ in the community's interest ( i.e. provides more open space) or promotes a public goal (i.e. more affordable housing or transit access)
The terms "density bonuses" or "community benefits“ are often used
Allows local jurisdictions a high degree of flexibility

12. Performance Zoning
Regulates the effect or impact of land uses through performance standards usually concerning traffic flow, density, noise and access to light and air.
Developers can build almost any building that meets the performance standards for that district.

13. examples

14. City of Atlanta

16. CODE OF ORDINANCES City of ATLANTA, GEORGIA
Mixed Use Districts
R-LC RESIDENTIAL-LIMITED COMMERCIAL DISTRICT REGULATIONS
C-1 COMMUNITY BUSINESS DISTRICT REGULATIONS
C-3 COMMERCIAL RESIDENTIAL DISTRICT REGULATIONS
C-4 CENTRAL AREA COMMERCIAL RESIDENTIAL DISTRICT REGULATIONS
PD PLANNED DEVELOPMENT DISTRICTS
PD-MU PLANNED DEVELOPMENT--MIXED USE DISTRICT REGULATIONS

17. Overlays, Special Public Interest and Landmark Districts
SPI-16 MIDTOWN SPECIAL PUBLIC INTEREST DISTRICT REGULATIONS
SPI SPECIAL PUBLIC INTEREST DISTRICTS, GENERAL PROVISIONS
HC HISTORIC AND CULTURAL CONSERVATION DISTRICTS*
SPI-17 PIEDMONT AVENUE SPECIAL PUBLIC INTEREST DISTRICT REGULATIONS
SPI-1 DOWNTOWN SPECIAL PUBLIC INTEREST DISTRICT REGULATIONS*
CABBAGETOWN LANDMARK DISTRICT*
DRUID HILLS LANDMARK DISTRICT*
SPI-3 MIDTOWN DISTRICT REGULATIONS
SPI-18 MECHANICSVILLE NEIGHBORHOOD SPECIAL PUBLIC INTEREST DISTRICT REGULATIONS*
MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR. LANDMARK DISTRICT*
SPI-4 ARTS CENTER DISTRICT REGULATIONS
WASHINGTON PARK LANDMARK DISTRICT*
SPI-5 INMAN PARK SPECIAL INTEREST DISTRICT
SPI-19 BUCKHEAD PEACHTREE CORRIDOR SPECIAL PUBLIC INTEREST DISTRICT REGULATIONS
OAKLAND CEMETERY LANDMARK DISTRICT*
SPI-6 PONCEY-HIGHLAND DISTRICT
SPI-20 GREENBRIAR SPECIAL PUBLIC INTEREST DISTRICT REGULATIONS
SPI-7 CANDLER PARK DISTRICT
BALTIMORE BLOCK LANDMARK DISTRICT*
SPI-8 HOME PARK DISTRICT REGULATIONS
WEST END HISTORIC DISTRICT*
SPI-21 HISTORIC WEST END/ADAIR PARK SPECIAL PUBLIC INTEREST DISTRICT REGULATIONS
SPI-9 BUCKHEAD VILLAGE OVERLAY DISTRICT REGULATIONS
HOTEL ROW LANDMARK DISTRICT*
ADAIR PARK HISTORIC DISTRICT*
SPI-10 UPPER MIDTOWN NEIGHBORHOOD DISTRICT REGULATIONS
SPI-22 MEMORIAL DRIVE/OAKLAND CEMETERY SPECIAL PUBLIC INTEREST DISTRICT REGULATIONS
WHITTIER MILL HISTORIC DISTRICT*
GRANT PARK HISTORIC DISTRICT REGULATIONS
SPI-11 VINE CITY & ASHBY STATION SPECIAL PUBLIC INTEREST DISTRICT REGULATIONS*
PD-H PLANNED DEVELOPMENT--HOUSING DISTRICT REGULATIONS
Inman Park Historic District Regulations
OAKLAND CITY HISTORIC DISTRICT REGULATIONS
SPI-12 BUCKHEAD/LENOX STATIONS SPECIAL PUBLIC INTEREST DISTRICT
PD-MU PLANNED DEVELOPMENT--MIXED USE DISTRICT REGULATIONS
CASTLEBERRY HILL LANDMARK DISTRICT REGULATIONS
SPI-14 BERKELEY PARK DISTRICT REGULATIONS
PD-OC PLANNED DEVELOPMENT--OFFICE-COMMERCIAL DISTRICT REGULATIONS
ATKINS PARK HISTORIC DISTRICT REGULATIONS
SPI 15 LINDBERGH TRANSIT STATION AREA SPECIAL PUBLIC INTEREST DISTRICT REGULATIONS
PD-BP PLANNED DEVELOPMENT--BUSINESS PARK DISTRICT REGULATIONS

18. Putnam county

20. CODE OF ORDINANCES PUTNAM COUNTY, GEORGIA
Village District
Sec   Purpose.
The purpose of this district is to encourage developers to create a "village" atmosphere of various types of residential solutions intermixed with small scale commercial.

21. Thomas county

23. CODE OF ORDINANCES THOMAS COUNTY, GEORGIA
3.277 CL Commercial, Limited. The purpose of this district is to provide and protect an environment suitable for selected office and retail commercial uses and residential transitional surroundings.

24. Billings Montana

25. CODE, CITY OF BILLINGS, MONTANA
RP Residential Professional: A zone intended to accommodate limited commercial and professional offices as would be compatible with adjoining residential districts and consistent with the objectives of the comprehensive plan.

26. CODE, CITY OF BILLINGS, MONTANA, continued
Article Shiloh Corridor Overlay District.
The purpose of the Shiloh Corridor Overlay District is to provide standards for industrial, commercial, and mixed-use development as called for in the West Billings Plan. This overlay zoning district is intended to promote an aesthetically pleasing and distinct entryway corridor by encouraging abundant landscaping, attractive building design, and preservation of scenic vistas.

27. DOOLY COUNTY

29. Dooly County, Georgia Zoning, Sec. 1. Title and Objectives
"Zoning Ordinance of Dooly County, Georgia," for the purpose of setting forth standards and permissible uses of land designed to conserve and protect the natural, economic and scenic resources of Dooly County; to secure safety from fire, panic and other dangers; to promote health, aesthetics, morals, convenience, order, prosperity and general welfare;

30. Dooly County, Georgia, continued
to provide adequate light and air; to prevent the overcrowding of land; to promote desirable living conditions and stability in neighborhoods; to facilitate the adequate provision of transportation, water, sewerage, schools, parks, and other public requirements by dividing Dooly County into districts of such size and shapes as may be best suited to carry out the purposes of the legislative act and of this resolution.

31. Dooly County, Georgia, continued
ARTICLE X. GENERAL COMMERCIAL C-2 Sec. 1. Statement of Purpose. The General Commercial zone is established to provide for and encourage development of a wide variety of sales and services in response to the broader commercial needs of the County.

32. LOCATION PHOTO OF APPLICATION FOR OUTDOOR
ADVERTISING PERMIT – DOOLY COUNTY, 1-75 MP 103
ZONED C-2 SINCE 1989

33. Lumpkin county

35. Lumpkin County, GA - “Land Use Plan”
“alternative to traditional zoning” to “guide future growth toward preferred locations”
“does not prohibit any specific use within any character area, village or corridor”
No “present land use map” or “zoning map”
Enacted in accordance with the Georgia Zoning Procedures Law

36. What does this all mean?

37. WHAT NOW?

38. CFR assumes 1950’s era Euclidean zoning ordinances with single use districts as the regulatory mechanism
Current zoning practices are increasingly form, incentive, and performance based
Routinely utilize mixed uses and overlay designations to regulate area character and guide development patterns

39. Lines between Residential and Commercial districts have blurred, even in rural areas
Restricting signs to Commercial and Industrial areas is not so clear anymore