1. The Foundations of Rome
Chapter 6
Section 1

2. Key Terms Republic Patrician Plebian Veto Forum Constitution Senate
Consuls
Dictator

3. Roman Civilization Develops
All roads lead to Rome
Rome was not built in a day
When in Rome do as the Romans do
How did a tiny city grow into a major power?

4. Italy’s Geography Large boot shaped Sticks out into Mediterranean
Midway between eastern and western Mediterranean
North protected by high mountains
Sea provides protection

5. The Founding of Rome Middle of peninsula Romulus and Remus
Latins arrived around 1000 BC
Location of Tiber River
Easy access to trade route
Easy access to the sea

6. The Etruscans Ruled by Latin kings Etruscans ruled northern Italy
Metalworkers and jewelers
Influenced by the Greeks

7. Etruscans Built first walls and sewers Arch, building techniques
Alphabet and number system
System of government
Gladiator games
Sculpture and painting

8. Rome Becomes a Republic
Republic-elected officials governed ruled
Patricians –heads of aristocratic families
Controlled every aspect of society
Maintained power through a patronage system

9. Rome Becomes a Republic
Plebeians- common people
Plebeians refuse to fight in 494 BC
Patricians gave them rights
Plebian Council
Elect officials like the Tribune

10. Rome Becomes a Republic
Tribunes job to protect plebeians
Veto- to stop or ban
Forum- where Roman laws were displayed
Judges were forced to obey

11. Republican Government
Constitution- a political structure
Senate – a body of 300 members
Various assemblies- where all citizens could vote
Magistrates took care of laws

12. Republican Government
Consuls-chief executive
Elected for 1 year
Head of army and navy
Censors next in line of power
Recorded city’s population
How much property people had
Filled Senate vacancies

13. Republican Government
Praetors-or judges
Act as Consuls when they were away at war
Had system of checks and balances
Each part of government could constrain the other

14. Life in the Republic Thriving and vibrant Forum- the public square
Rich lived at Palatine
Popular place for shopping and gossip
Farming and land ownership noblest way to make money

15. Life in the Republic
Senators banned from any other career than with land
Dictator-office with unlimited power
Cincinnatus gave up power to return to farming

16. The Republic Expands Military might Well trained highly disciplined
All men 17 to 46 required to serve in time of war
Organized into legions
Centurions- commissioned officers
Command 100 men
Well trained highly disciplined

17. The Conquest of Italy 265 BC controlled all of Italy
Few conditions on subjected people
Had to provide troops to Rome
Next was Sicily
Came into conflict with Carthage

18. The Punic Wars 264 BC war between Rome and Carthage
Hannibal led elephants across alps to invade Italy
Hannibal dominated the Italian countryside
Single battle kills or injures 50,000 Romans

19. The Punic Wars Hannibal- ravaged Italy and defeated every army
Rome placed a siege on Carthage
Hannibal withdrew
3rd time Rome won
Destroyed Carthage
Enslaved population

20. Conquest of Greece Greeks sought alliance with Rome
Macedonia, Persia, Egypt fought each other
Greeks and Romans defeated them
Romans later annexed Greece

21. The Conquest of Greece Romans adopted a lot of Greek culture
Roman art and architecture
Famous works of Romans are copies of Greek pieces
Borrowed religion
Zeus became Jupiter

22. The Conquest of Greece Romans thought Rome should be pure
Dislike Greek influence
Tried to keep Greek styles out of Roman buildings