1. Latitude & Longitude

2. Latitude Lines Longitude Lines
Run parallel to the equator (also called Parallels)
(Think of the rungs of a ladder; latitude=ladder)
Longitude Lines
Run pole to pole (also called Meridians)

3. North Pole = 90° N Latitude
Latitude is written as a number of degrees north or south of the equator
Equator = 0° latitude
North Pole = 90° N Latitude
South Pole = 90° S latitude
40 deg. North
30 deg. South

4. Prime Meridian = 0° Longitude
60 Deg. West
40 deg. East
Longitude is written as a certain number of degrees East or West of the Prime Meridian
Prime Meridian = 0° Longitude

5. http://upload. wikimedia
Tropic of Cancer (23.5˚ N)
The sun is directly over this point on the Summer Solstice. It marks the sun’s most northerly location. (meaning, the sun is never directly overhead in the sky anywhere north of this line on the Earth’s surface)

6. Tropic of Capricorn (23.5˚ S)
Tropic of Capricorn (23.5˚ S)
Sun is directly over this line on the Winter Solstice. It marks the most southerly location of the sun.

7. Prime Meridian = 0° Longitude
Prime Meridian = 0° Longitude
It runs through Greenwich, England

8. Finding and saying Absolute Location
Say the Latitude first, then the Longitude
Broken down into:
° = degrees
‘ = minutes (breaks down degrees)
“ = seconds (breaks downs minutes)
Think of it as distances of the Earth’s surface, not units of time. Each degree of Latitude is 69 miles wide. Divide that by 60 (60 minutes per degree), and you get each minute being 1.15 miles wide. Divide that 1.15 miles by 60 (60 seconds), and you get 0.02 miles (just over 100 feet) for each second.

9. Other Lines of Latitude to know…
The Arctic Circle marks the highest point on the Earth’s surface at which the sun will always be either above or below the horizon for a 24 hour period. This means that during some parts of the year, there are days of 24 hours of sunlight and other parts of the year have 24 hours of darkness.
The Antarctic Circle is the same as the Arctic, but when it is light at the Arctic, it will be dark at the Antarctic. Their seasons are reversed.

10. Hemispheres

13. Finding Latitude and Longitude
Using the map on the previous slide, let’s find some points on the Earth’s surface: