1. Latitude and Longitude Types of Maps Remote Sensing
Maps are flat models of three dimensional objects
Cartography is the science of making maps
Mapping Our World
Latitude and Longitude
Types of Maps
Remote Sensing

2. Latitude and Longitude
Lines of Latitude and Longitude are used to locate places on Earth
Vocabulary
Cartography
Equator
Latitude
Longitude
Prime Meridian
International Date Line

3. Latitude
Use imaginary lines that run parallel to the equator = Latitude
Measured in degrees north and south of equator

5. The equator is the reference point for latitude and so is numbered 0 degrees latitude
What are the poles numbered in degrees?
North latitudes are north of equator
South latitudes are south of equator

6. The Earth is 40,000 km at its circumference
The Earth is 40,000 km at its circumference. If it is divided by 360 degrees, how many km is each degree equal to? About 111 km (70 miles)

7. To better locate, degrees (70 miles) are divided into 60 minutes (‘).
That makes each minute about 1.2 miles
Each minute is further divided into seconds (“)
What is the distance of each second?
0.02 miles which
is about 100 feet

8. Longitude Used to locate positions in east and west directions
These lines are also called Meridians
The prime meridian (0 degrees longitude) travels through Greenwich, England. This is the home of the Royal Naval Observatory
West is from 0 to 180 degrees
East is also from 0 to 180 degrees
These 180 degrees meet at the International Date Line

10. Latitude lines are consistent (70 miles)
Longitude lines vary with location
They converge at the poles into a point
One degree of longitude varies from about 70 miles at the equator to 0 miles at the poles

13. Time Zones Earth takes 24 hours to rotate 360 degrees on its axis
Earth has been divided into 24 time zones, each representing a different hour
Every hour the Earth spins 15 degrees (360/24 = 15 degrees) so each time zone is 15 degrees wide
However, to avoid confusion, adjustments are made so cities are NOT split into different zones
Travel east across the International Date Line, you lose a day
Travel west across the line, you gain a day.