1. Homeostasis during Exercise

2. Cardiovascular System
3 Functions in Maintaining Homeostasis
Transporting substances around the body.
Oxygen, glucose, carbon dioxide, and waste products
Controlling body temperature.
Protecting the body.
Cells and antibodies that fight infections and stop bleeding

3. Double Circulation System
Pulmonary Circuit
Carries blood between the heart and lungs
Deoxygenated blood passes from the right atrium into the right ventricle and then goes to the lungs.

4. Double Circulation System
Systemic Circuit
Carries blood between the heart and the rest of the body
From the lungs, blood moves back toward the heart into the left atrium to the left ventricle and then passes into the aorta to go to the rest of the body

5. Blood Vessels Arteries carry blood away from the heart
Veins carry blood toward the heart
A pulse is the rhythmic stretching of the arteries caused be the pressure of blood forced into the arteries

6. Blood Flow through Capillary Beds
Capillaries – small vessels where exchange with cells actually takes place
During strenuous exercise, blood is diverted from the digestive tract and supplied more to skeletal muscles

7. Blood Flow through Capillary Beds
Cells undergo cellular respiration to make ATP (energy)
Requires O2 and produces CO2 (waste)
Capillaries supply blood that carries these gases
Arterial Blood = ↑ O2 ↓ CO2
Venous Blood = ↓ O2 ↑ CO2

8. Respiratory system 3 Steps of Gas Exchange Breathing
Inhalation - O2 diffuses from air across cell lining into blood vessels
Exhalation - CO2 diffuses out of blood vessels into the lungs
Transport of gases by circulatory system
Blood carries O2 to the rest of the body
Cellular exchange of gases
O2 diffuses into cells from blood
CO2 diffuses out of cells into blood

9. Anatomy of Respiratory System

10. Gas Exchange in Lungs

11. Regulating Breathing Breathing is usually under automatic control
Breathing control centers in the brain sense and respond to CO2 levels (not O2) in the blood
A decrease in blood pH increases the rate and depth of breathing

12. Effect of Exercise
When you exercise, cellular respiration increases to produce more ATP for your muscle cells
This increases CO2 levels in the blood
The brain senses decrease in pH due to increased CO2 levels
Breathing control centers increase breathing rate and depth to eliminate CO2 in exhaled air and get more O2 in inhaled air