1. Extraversion (E) & Introversion (I) and the Four Elements
Robert Currey
Kepler Conference, FL
January 2017

2. Dean’s E & N Study Subjects: 1,198 from 3 sources
Tested on Eysenck’s Personality Index (EPI)
Astrologer Test:
45 Astrologers
160 Charts
Computer Test:
288 Charts (24% of parent sample)
Divided into 8 groups of 36. Subdivided into 72 groups.
Dean Published: 1981, 1985 (a & b) & 1986

3. Age Distribution in E & N data

4. Eysenck’s E & N Personality Type Traits
Water
Fire
Eysenck’s E & N Personality Type Traits
Air
Earth

5. Eysenck’s E & N Personality Type Traits and their associated Elements according to classic authors

6. Eysenck’s E & N Personality Type Traits and their associated Elements

7. How Eysenck’s keyword traits match up with the Astrological Elements
Fire keywords (red) are exclusively E+ (extraverted). Right half of circle
Earth keywords (brown) are exclusively E- (introverted). Left half of circle
Air keywords (green) are exclusively N- (emotionally stable). Lower half of circle
Water (blue) is spread among all four quarters (slightly more E-N+)

8. Distribution in E & N data by EPI score

9. Frequencies of Planets in the Elements on the E and N scales
Frequencies of Planets in the Elements on the E and N scales Psychological Type Fire Earth Air Water M SD Extraversion [E+] Introversion [E-] Total Difference [E+ minus E-] N = 1,296 planets Neuroticism [N+] Emotional Stability [N-] Total Difference [N+ minus N-] N = 1,296 planets Data from Dean (1985)

10. How Eysenck’s keyword traits match up with the Astrological Elements
Results of Chi χ2 tests of independence for Highest and Lowest Elements
Experiment Elements DF N χ2 test statistic p
Highest Element E scale Fire E+ v E- Earth E- v E
Lowest Element E scale Fire E+ v E- Earth E- v E
Highest Element N scale Earth N+ v N- Air N- v N
Lowest Element N scale Earth N+ v N- Air N- v N
Original data from Dean (1985)

11. Measuring the balance of planetary frequency in each Element
Measuring planetary frequencies against traits for Extraversion
Measuring the balance of planetary frequency in each Element
Frequency of planets in each Element for E+ (n=108) minus frequency for E- subjects (n=108)
Frequency of traits assigned to astrological Elements for E+ minus frequency of traits for E-.

12. Measuring the balance of planetary frequency in each Element
Measuring planetary frequencies for Neuroticism against EPI Traits
Measuring the balance of planetary frequency in each Element
Frequency of planets in each Element for E+ (n=108) minus frequency for E- subjects (n=108)
Frequency of traits assigned to astrological Elements for E+ minus frequency of traits for E-.

13. Balance of Planet frequency by Eysenck’s trait balance
E Correlation co-efficient 96,6%
N Correlation coefficient 95.3%

14. FIRE Frequency distribution by E & N personality type of charts with predominantly Fire planets versus charts with low or a lack of Fire.

15. Probability of Fire Results for Extraversion
Binomial Proportion Test of Birth Charts where Fire is the Highest & Lowest Element
Element/E Scale Frequency p d Mean SD M N
High Fire E
Low Fire E
High Fire E
Low Fire E
(Data from Dean 1985)

16. EARTH Frequency distribution by E & N personality type of charts with predominantly Earth planets versus charts with low or a lack of Earth.

17. Probability of Earth Results in Extraversion
Binomial Proportion Test of Birth Charts where Earth is the Highest & Lowest Element
Element/E Scale Frequency p d Mean SD M N
High Earth E
Low Earth E
Low Earth E
High Earth E
(Data from Dean 1985)

18. AIR Frequency distribution by E & N personality type of charts with predominantly Air planets versus charts with low or a lack of Air

19. WATER Frequency distribution by E & N personality type of charts with predominantly water planets versus charts with low or a lack of water

20. Inner Planets in relation to the Sun Sign
Frequency of planets in Positive or Negative Signs in relation to the Sun’s Polarity (N=288)
Sun Polarity Positive Negative Positive Negative Total Pos/Neg
Planet Positive Negative Negative Positive Total Balance
Mercury 25% 26% 23% 26% 100% 2%
Venus 18% 19% 30% 33% 100% -26%
Mars 23% 27% 25% 25% 100% 0%
Total 22% 24% 26% 28% 100% -8%
Original data from Dean (1985)

21. Zig Zag Pattern – Sun, Moon and Ascendant

22. Sun, Moon and Ascendant correlate with Expectations
How the polarity of the Sun, Moon and the Ascendant independently correlate as predicted
Planet Sun Moon Ascendant MO + ASC SO+MO+AS
Predicted Direction
Opposite Direction
% 56% 53% 54% 55% N
p (Binomial Sign)
(Data from Dean 1985)

23. Why this data is unlikely to be self-attribution
lie score in the EPI to detect false answers and Dean eliminated all subjects with a high score (L>5). Dean claimed “The evidence for the validity E and N is now overwhelming. … The crucial point about such tests is that the responses are impossible to fake.”
The sample was collected from three reliable independent sources:
(58%) were student volunteers and the rest responded to an advertisement to help with a study into personality and astronomical factors (32%) or between personality and season of birth (10%).
Self-attribution is a hypothesis. It is considered the most plausible explanation for empirical evidence by those who believe that any explanation that supports astrology must be impossible
Self selectors
Self knowers
Self confirmers. If astrology is valid, it follows that those interested in astrology have discovered their identity through astrology and those who are not interested lack this self-awareness.
This is not a Sun-Sign test and Solar effects are diluted by the Sign position of three planets, the Moon and the Ascendant. In this study, the impact of the Sun is not amplified through the inner planets.7 Dean points out that the Sun Sign effect can only apply to the Sun, Mercury, Venus and to a small extent Mars and “Because few people know the sign position of the other planets and the Ascendant, self-attribution cannot apply to these factors in which case a positive result would suggest that sign effects are real”. `

24. Age Distribution in E & N data
Age distribution within E & N data (n = 288)
EPI Typology E+ E- N+ N-
Mean Year of birth
Gap between Mean Years 5.56 years years
From Dean E & N Tests (1985-6)

25. How Eysenck’s keyword traits match up with the Astrological Elements

26. Age Distribution in E & N data