1. Civil Rights 1960’s
Chapter 27

2. Terms “Separate-but-equal” – equal facilities needed to be provided
De facto segregation – separated by custom
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People – NAACP – a group focused on equality for all (originally –to overturn segregation)

3. Methods of ending Segregation
Congress of Racial Equality – CORE – a group that used sit-ins to end discrimination
Sit-in - Sending in CORE members to segregated places to force them to stop the segregation

4. Supreme Court Case
Brown v. Board of Education – Court case that determined separate was NOT equal
One year after Brown v. Board of Education, the Supreme Court ruled that districts needed to proceed “with all deliberate speed” to end the segregation. This only encouraged resistance as there was no deadline.

5. Bus Boycotts Rosa Parks Non violent protest Church support
Southern Christian Leadership Conference – attempted to end segregation & encourage African Americans to vote.

6. Civil Rights Act of 1957
First civil rights law since Reconstruction in the 1870’s
Intended to protect African Americans right to vote which is guaranteed in the _____ amendment

7. Freedom Riders
Groups of African Americans and whites who traveled through the south on the buses to draw attention to the fight to end segregation

8. Federal Policies
Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity – to end discrimination and segregation in government jobs

9. Martin Luther King Jr.
Began the fight with the bus boycotts and led the Montgomery Improvement Association
Supported Birmingham, Alabama demonstrations against segregation to gain national attention
Arrested
“Letter From a Birmingham Jail”-his defense of non-violent protest

10. Civil Rights Act of 1964 Signed by President Johnson
Established the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)

11. Voting Rights
24th Amendment eliminated poll taxes and fees to vote in federal elections
Continued violence against African Americans and their supporters
Bombings of churches and homes
Selma, Alabama March

12. Voting Rights Act of 1965
Allowed attorney general to send federal examiners to register voters
Eliminated literacy tests
Over 250,000 African Americans were registered by the end of 1965