1. Why do people/countries Colonize

2. 1542- encomienda system abolished by the Spanish
1565- St. Augustine founded, oldest city in the US
1588- England defeats the Spanish Armada

3. Spanish territorial conquests Timeline
Conquistadores- Explorers for Gold, God and Country
Vasco Nunez Balboa- Discovered the Pacific Ocean (1513)
Ferdinand Magellan completed the first circumnavigation of the world.
Juan Ponce de Leon landed in Florida in search of gold (not Fountain of Youth). Killed by Indians
Francisco Coronado- Found the Pueblo Indians. Found Grand Canyon and Colorado River.
Hernano de Soto Took 600 man military force through Florida and marched west in search of gold. Discovered the Mississippi River. Very cruel to Indians.

4. Spanish territorial conquests Timeline
Fransisco Pizarro He conquered the Incan empire in Peru Spain set up its own testing grounds for invading on the islands of the Caribbean due to increased desire for gold.
Encomienda- This allowed the Spanish government to give Indians to colonists in return for a promise to Christianize them. Slavery in all but name.
Hernan Cortes- Conquered the Aztec empire in Mexico for Spain.
attacks & disease killed the Mexican Population (20 million to 2 million in less than a century)
Aztec’s thought he was a god, horse’s, allies, interpreters
Cortez did intermarry (mestizos- people of mixed Indian/European heritage)

7. 3 4 2 1 5

9. Jamestown 1607 Joint Stock Company Charter John Smith / Powhatan
John Rolfe / Pocahontas
Head right System
Indentured Servitude*conflict
House of Burgesses

10. Nathaniel Bacon 1676, Virginia Wealthy planters vs. frontier settlers
High Taxes ,Unequal Distribution,
hostilities b/t Natives & frontier settlers, lack of representation &
voting rights
**House of Burgesses
Exposed the growing power of former indentured servants,
lower social classes

11. Plymouth, Massachusetts
Separatists, aka Pilgrims
Mayflower Compact
1621 First Thanksgiving

12. Boston, Massachusetts
Puritans : Escaping religious intolerance, political repression & dismal economic conditions
John Winthrop , “City Upon a Hill”. Did not promote social equality nor political democracy 
Church membership prerequisite for politics
Disciplined work ethic which promoted growth
Rapid expansion leads to conflict ;
King Philips War , Pequot War(CT.)

13. Answer each statement as
True or False, so 8 total

14. Providence, Rhode Island
Roger Williams, : “Forced religion stinks in the nostrils of God” Banished from Mass.
Land should be purchased from Native Americans
Separation of church & state
AND religious freedom
**Anne Hutchinson ; the church is not necessary
nor the ministers to interpret the bible

15. Answer each statement as
True or False

16. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
William Penn’s “Holy Experiment”
Quakers – Everyone possesses “inner light”
Informal services, plain dress, no social ranking, pacifists
Founding principles ; Equality, Tolerance,
Cooperation, Treaties with Native Am.
“City of Brotherly Love”
Encouraged ; German, Dutch,
French settlers
*Philia means friendly feeling towards

17. Connecticut, 1637 Pequot War
Ongoing disputes over land rights as colonial population increased
Narrangansett’s allied w/ colonists
5 / 400 Pequot survived
Personal Voice pg.55

18. Massachusetts, 1676 King Philips War
Chief Metacom, Wampanoag tribe aka King Philip
Mutual brutality & destruction 1+yr
Costly colonial victory, 52 villages attacked & 16 destroyed & 1/10 military men dead