1. Grade 5 Electricity and Get Connected: Essential Lab # 7
Big Idea 11: Energy Transfer and Transformation
Big Idea 10: Forms of Energy
Mary Tweedy, Curriculum Support Specialist
Keisha Kidd, Curriculum Support Specialist
Millard Lightburn, PhD, District Science Supervisor
This power point was developed for use with the Grade 5 Quarter 2 Essential Lab # 7 that follows the content taught in the power point developed for Essential Lab # 6, Static Electricity. (Quarter 2, Topics VIII & IV) Preview the teacher copy and get necessary preparations for the lab done.

2. Big Idea 11: Energy Transfer and Transformation Big Idea 10: Forms of Energy
SC.5.P Investigate and illustrate the fact that the flow of electricity requires a closed circuit (a complete loop). SC.5.P Identify and classify materials that conduct electricity and materials that do not. SC.5.P Investigate and explain that electrical energy can be transformed into heat, light, and sound energy, as well as the energy of motion. SC.5.P Investigate and explain that energy has the ability to cause motion or create change. SC.5.N Define a problem, use appropriate reference materials to support scientific understanding, plan and carry out scientific investigations of various types such as: systematic observations, experiments requiring the identification of variables, collecting and organizing data, interpreting data in charts, tables, and graphics, analyze information, make predictions, and defend conclusions.
Teaching to the benchmarks

3. Lesson Objectives: Students should be able to: Define electricity.
Understand the role of electrons in electricity.
Model the flow of electrons in a circuit.
Build an actual electric circuit.
Explain how to tell when the path of an electric circuit is complete.
Test the conductivity of a variety of materials.
Explain how electrical energy can be transformed into light, heat, sound and motion.
Lesson Objectives

4. How do we use electricity?
Electricity powers nearly every modern gadget, from refrigerators to smartphones. But do you know how electricity works? You'll find out how electricity keeps our daily lives flowing.
Engage and Explain: Ask what is electricity? Listen to students’ ideas. Discuss electricity’s use in the clip art displayed on the slide and in the classroom, school and at home. Then have students add ideas to science notebook. For more click: how electricity works and have students read the online page.
Additional Resource: ScienceSaurus Handbook: pp

5. What is electrical energy?
A form of energy that is produced when Electrons move from one place to another.
Electrons are particles that are in the space around the nucleus of an atom.
The forces of attraction and repulsion make electrons move.
Explore: Click on the link: What is electrical energy? to explore Study Jams.
Explain/Evaluate: Students should be able to share these key ideas about electricity. You can click back to or use ScienceSaurus Handbook: pp
Have students add ideas to science notebook.

6. Where Does the Word 'Electricity' Come From?
Electrons, electricity, electronic and other words that begin with "electr..." all originate from the Greek word "elektor," meaning "beaming sun." In Greek, "elektron" is the word for amber.
Amber is a very pretty goldish brown "stone" that sparkles orange and yellow in sunlight. Amber is actually fossilized tree sap! It's the stuff used in the movie "Jurassic Park."
Ancient Greeks discovered that amber behaved oddly - like attracting feathers - when rubbed by fur or other objects. They didn't know what it was that caused this phenomenon.
But the Greeks had discovered one of the first examples of static electricity. The Latin word, electricus, means to "produce from amber by friction."
So, we get our English word electricity from Greek
and Latin words that were about amber.

7. Lab # 7: Get Connected How does an electric circuit work?
Let’s look at some parts of a circuit.
What do you notice about the …
bulb wire battery
What do you need to do to make a circuit
to light the bulb?
Engage: Say the following to your students. Ask students to share what they know about how an electric circuit works. (Pass out the lab sheet and a bulb, wire and battery per group.) Let's look at the different parts of a flashlight bulb and a battery. (Pass out a flashlight bulb, one wire, and battery to each student group.) This will make it easier to understand how an electric circuit works and how to make your simple circuit to make a bulb light.
If you look closely at the flashlight bulb, you should see that it has two wires sticking up that are connected by a very thin wire called a filament. The two wires go down inside the base of the bulb where you can't see them. One wire is connected to the very bottom of the base and the other is connected to the side of the base. (See drawing #1.) This is important to know if you want to make a circuit to light the bulb.
See ScienceSaurus Handbook p. 300 for a diagram of flashlight and its parts.

8. What do you need to do to make a circuit to light the bulb?
Try it =
Now try it with two wire.
Explore: Students follow procedures on the student version lab sheet.
Let’s explore Electric Current

9. Try our the Electricity Exploration Then make connections
Try our the Electricity Exploration Then make connections Write your responses in your notebook.
Is electricity flowing through the systems you built? How do you know?
What do you think are necessary elements of all complete circuits?
How can we control the flow of electricity in a circuit?
What kind of energy makes a battery work?
Name the transfers of energy in the circuit you built.
What are you wondering now?
Explain/Evaluate: Students complete Think about this …
And write responses in their journal/notebook.
Then discuss with a Talk Strategy:
Report to a Partner; Round Table; Think, Pair, Share
Students can read Gr. 5 AIMS booklet: An Electric Circuit
You can also have students read and discuss.

10. How do you think a battery works?
A battery contains 2 different metals.
Metals like all matter are made up of atoms.
Atoms are made of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
One of the metals in the battery wants to give up its electrons and the other metal wants to accept them.
Connecting the wires, and the bulbs to a battery, gives the electrons a path to travel from one metal to another.
Those traveling electrons are electricity.
More on Battery Power (Read Stored Energy & Batteries.)
Elaborate: Hold up a battery and ask What do you know about batteries?
What kind of energy makes a battery work? Discuss. Then click on the link: Battery Power
Volunteers can read the text.
Students can build a circuit and explain the role of the battery in the transfer of energy.

11. How does a flashlight work?
How is either of the circuit models you built similar to a flashlight’s circuit?
How does a flashlight work?
When the switch of a flashlight is pushed into the ON position, it makes contact between two contact strips, which begin a flow of electricity, powered from the battery.
The batteries rest atop a small spring that is connected to a contact strip.
The contact strip runs down the length of the battery case and makes contact with one side of the switch. There is another flat contact strip on the other side of the switch, which runs to the lamp (light bulb), providing an electrical connection.
There is another part connected to the lamp that makes contact with the positive electrode of the top battery, thus completing the circuit to the lamp and completing the generation of electricity.
Elaborate: HOTS
Ask How is either of the circuit models you built similar to a flashlight’s circuit? After students responses click on link:
How does a flashlight work?
This activity slide can be done later with energy transfer slide # 19.

12. Lab # 7: Get Connected
Activity #2
How should you connect the materials you have to make a path to test the flow of electricity?
Make a plan with your group.
Connect the parts to test your plan. Does the bulb light up? If not keep trying.
Draw a picture of your working circuit. Show how the parts work.
Engage: Say: You flip a switch and a light bulb goes on. What is there between the switch and the bulb that lets this happen?
Explore: See if you can figure that out by building an electric circuit activity #2 procedures.
Additional activity: See Gr. 5 AIMS: An Electric Circuit Booklet; Activity: Make a switch pp
Materials Needed: Size D battery with a holder, light bulb in a holder; 5 lengths of wire;
switch (index card and 6 brass prongs)

13. Conductor or Insulator
Activity #2 Which common materials are good conductors for the flow of electricity?
Object
Prediction
Conductor or Insulator
penny
Pencil
(wood part)
(metal part)
Eraser
Paper clip
nail
Plastic spoon
______________
Engage: Read and discuss Gr. 5 AIMS booklet p. 1: Conductors and Insulators. Ask what students know about conductors and insulators. Then read pp. 2-4.
Explore: Tell students to follow the procedures for testing which common materials are good conductors for the flow of electricity.

14. Looking Back Were your predictions correct? How do you know?
How are the materials that conducted electricity allowing the bulb to light alike?
Which material created the brightest bulb?
What are you wondering now?
Explain/Evaluate: Have students share out.
Extend: Additional activity: Conductors or Insulators, pp

15. Parts of the Circuit and their Jobs Quiz
Source of current
Carries current
Turns circuit on and off
Changes electrical energy to light
Battery
Bulb
Switch
Wire
Explain: Review concepts with Gr. 5 AIMS booklet: An Electric Circuit
Evaluation: Parts of a circuit quiz on slide and click on the link: Parts of the Circuit and their Jobs for the Electricity Quiz.
Plus assessment questions:
What does making a complete circuit mean?
Why are many wires coated with plastic?
Online quiz: click on Parts of the Circuit and their Jobs
What does making a complete circuit mean?
Why are many wires coated with plastic?

16. What is the Transfer of Energy?
Energy can move from one object to another.
< <
light electrical chemical
Explore Learning GIZMOS: Energy Conversions
Explore: Have two flashlights ready for a demonstration. Review SF Science Book: Read and discuss the first two sentences in the 3rd paragraph on p Have students write Energy can move from one object to another. Hold up a flashlight and have a volunteer turn it on. Ask why is the light bulb in the flashlight giving off light? What energy moved from what object to another inside the flashlight ?
Explain: If available direct students to go to ScienceSaurus p. 300 to see the flashlight illustration or have a student at each group open take apart a flashlight and let everyone in the group look at it. You can go to the site: and go back to the slide # 10, How does a flashlight work?
When the flashlight is turned on the battery’s stored chemical energy is changed to electrical energy and travels through the wires in the electric circuit to the light bulb and transfers to light energy. Students draw a diagram of the flashlight and label the energy movement within it.
Evaluate: (Next have students answer ? #2 on p ) or ask: What does the energy of a lit light bulb change into after the flashlight has been on for a while? (Heat energy)

17. How is Electrical Energy used in the real world?
Explain/Evaluate: Ask: What are some transfers of energy taking place in our classroom, in our school, or at home? Have students use the clip art on the slide and name various energy paths. A toaster uses electrical, mechanical, and thermal energy
Electrical energy can be changed to other forms of energy, but it is not created or destroyed. It is conserved.
Electric Girl

18. Transformation of Energy Electric CurrentB. B. B.
Evaluate: Have students number their journal and write how energy is changed from one form to another.
1) A. B.
2) A. C.
3. Identify three energy transformations taking place in the classroom right now.
Extension: Explore Learning GIZMO: Energy Conversions C.

19. Writing Prompts Write to Explain Make a Drawing with Labels
Create a drawing to include everything you would need to make a light-bulb light or a radio work. Label your drawing and use arrows to show the direction of the current. Describe how the circuit works.
A classmate is studying a cord that connects a lamp to a wall outlet. The classmate sees that the inside of the cord is made of metal wire, and that the outside of the cord is made of plastic. Explain why each of these materials is used in the cord.
Evaluate: More ideas
Adapted from Discovery Education

20. Concept Review: Electric Current
1. Why do we need electric circuits?
Answer: We need electrical circuits to power the
electrical things we use every day, like light bulbs.
2. What is an electric current?
Answer: An electric current is a steady flow of
charged particles, also known as electrons.
Explain: Divide students into six groups, and assign each group an essential question. Groups must prepare clear answers to their question and then present the answer to the class. Instruct groups that are not presenting at a certain moment to compare the answer being presented to the answer they gathered during the Explore. After each group presents their answer, lead a short discussion: Does everyone agree on the answer? Could there be any other answer? Why is that answer correct? Use this time to make sure your students not only know the answer, but have a good idea of why it is the correct answer.
Adapted from Discovery Education

21. Concept Review: Electric Current
3. Why do electric circuits need to be closed?
Answer: Electric circuits must be closed or the
electrons will not be able to flow. A switch
is something that opens a circuit. The light
bulb only works when the circuit is closed.
Why do circuits usually include wires like copper or iron?
Answer: Circuits use metal wires because they are
good conductors. This means they allow the
charged particles to move through the wires.
Adapted from Discovery Education

22. Concept Review: Electric Current
5. What are insulators?
Answer: Insulators are things that don’t allow
the charged particles to move through them.
Examples are wood, clay, and rubber
How can electrical energy change in electrical
currents?
Answer: Electrical energy can turn into other
kinds of energy. Electricity can turn
into heat in a toaster.
Adapted from Discovery Education

23. Brief Constructed Response: Electric Circuits
B. A scientist is studying a cord that connects a lamp to a wall outlet. The scientist sees that the inside of the cord is made of metal wire. The outside of the cord is made of plastic. Explain why each of these materials is used in the cord.
A. Make a circuit drawing that includes everything you would need to make a light bulb light. Label all the components in your drawing and use arrows to show the direction of the current, and then describe how the circuit works using the vocabulary and information you have learned from the lesson.
Adapted from Discovery Education

24. Electricity Project Ideas
Give a presentation
Act it out
Write a story about…
wasting energy daily.
loosing electricity for one week.
realizing that conserving energy helps the entire community.
Create a model
Write a report or an essay
Compose a song
Make a poster
Elaborate/Evaluate: Electricity Project Ideas to try

25. Project Idea:
Watch the video segment Electromagnetic Force, Volts, Transformers, Amperes. Then conduct research on the electrical concepts mentioned in the video and create a poster to explain the concept. Your poster should contain both illustrations and written facts. Be ready to present your poster to the class, and then display it in the classroom.
Adapted from Discovery Education

26. Project Idea: Where does South Florida get its Energy?
Conduct research on where energy in South Florida comes from. Locate the nearest power plant, and through simple Internet research, identify what type of fuel it uses to generate electricity (fossil fuels, hydro power, wind, etc). Create a poster that illustrates how the electricity from the power plant ends up in our homes. Also include ideas in their posters about why it is important to conserve energy.
Adapted from Discovery Education

27. Online Resources
Online Resources

28. More Online Resources http://acs.org
Online Resources

29. pbslearningmedia.org Resources
Electricity:
Designing Electric Circuits: Steadiness Tester -
Electric Girl:
Lightning!
Energy Sources:

30. Discovery Education Resources
Exploration: About Electricity
Reading Passage: All Charged Up
Video: Electrons
Video: Two Kinds of Electricity
Exploration: Electric Current
Reading Passage: Need a Jump
Video: Circuits
Video: About Electricity
Discovery Elementary Science Online Resources