1. Spirituality

2. Objectives
Discuss the role of spirituality in health and well-being and the interconnections among mind, body, and spirit.
Explore the differences and similarities between spirituality and religion.
Examine specific connections among spirituality, religion, faith communities, and health promotion and disease prevention.
Discuss ways to initiate, nurture, and improve spiritual wellness.
Explore the role of spirituality in times of acute stress, specifically during times of loss.

3. Spirituality and Health
The medical community has researched the positive impact of spirituality on health and wellness.
Health involves integration of physical, spiritual, intellectual, and social dimensions, with interconnections among mind, body, and spirit.

4. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Basic Needs
Physiological needs
Safety needs
Needs for love, affection, and belonging
Needs for esteem
Needs for self-actualization

5. Five Levels in Maslow’s Hierarchy

6. What Is Spirituality?
Involves a person’s connection to self, others, and the world.
Involves a belief system or value system, which gives meaning and purpose to life.
May include a belief in a higher power or being, expressed through various ways.
May provide a feeling of belonging and sense of community or unity with nature and the universe.

7. Spirituality and Religiosity
Spirituality is often expressed through participation in a religion.
The differences between religion and spirituality are subtle and debated.
This text differentiates the two in this way:
Spirituality is personal and internal.
Religion is more formal and outward.

8. Spiritual and Religious Beliefs in North America
Mexico is predominantly Roman Catholic.
There is no state or dominant religion in Canada. Most people claim involvement in Christian denominations.
Spiritual beliefs and ideologies are diverse in the United States, but most people claim membership in a faith community.

9. Research on Spirituality and Health
Spiritual well-being is significantly related to perceived overall quality of life.
Belief in a spiritual being can heighten effects of the relaxation response.
Spirituality can aid in recovery from illness or injury.

10. Faith-Community Involvement and Health Promotion
Participating in a faith community brings health benefits.
Getting support from a faith community is important in making positive lifestyle choices.

11. Spirituality and Loss
People turn to faith for comfort during times of loss.
Spiritual and religious beliefs help people cope with the stress of people they love being sick or dying.
Limited research has been done about why and how spiritual beliefs are beneficial during times of grief and loss.

12. Ways to Improve Spiritual Wellness
Make time for prayer and reflection.
Find a quiet time and space.
Take time to breathe.
Reflect in nature.
Take care of yourself.
Practice optimism.
Be receptive to sorrow.
Open your mind.
Explore your options.