1. Year 7 PE Theory – Term 2

2. Components of Fitness
There are 5 Health Related Components of Fitness.
Muscular Strength, Flexibility, Body Composition, Muscular Endurance and Cardiovascular Endurance.
There are 6 Skill Related Components of Fitness.
Speed, Reaction Time, Power, Agility, Balance and Coordination.

3. Muscular Strength - Health
Is the ability of our muscle or muscles to exert maximal force to move or lift a resistance.
Sports where Strength is needed:
Rugby e.g. Pushing in the scrum.

4. Cardiovascular Endurance - Health
Is the ability to sustain movement or effort over a period of time without tiring
Sports where Cardiovascular Endurance is needed:
Athletics e.g m running.

5. Muscular Endurance - Health
Is the ability of the muscle or muscles to sustain powerful muscular contractions over a prolonged period of time without tiring.
Sports where Muscular Endurance is needed:
Cycling e.g. Time Trial

6. Flexibility - Health
Flexibility is the range of movement possible at a joint.
It can improve performance and reduces a participant’s chance of becoming injured.
Sports where Muscular Endurance is needed:
Gymnastics e.g. Balance Beam

7. Body Composition - Health
Is the relative percentage of muscle, fat and bone that a person has.
It can provide a measure of body composition linked to body shape and muscularity which is called somatotyping.

8. Body Composition
Ectomorphs - narrow-shaped body, with little fat or muscle.
This is the ideal body type for long-distance runners.

9. Body Composition
Mesomorphs - wedge-shaped body, wide shoulders, narrow hips, muscular.
This is the ideal body type for sprinters.

10. Body Composition
Endomorphs - pear-shaped body, wide hips, wide shoulders, can have a lot fat on body, arms and thighs.
When fit, this is the ideal body type for weightlifting and sumo wrestling.

11. Speed - Skill
SPEED is the maximum rate at which a person can move his / her body or a specific body part.
Sports where Speed is needed:
Football e.g. sprinting with the ball.

12. Reaction Time - Skill
Reaction Time is time it takes to respond to a stimulus.
Sports where Reaction Time is needed:
Athletics e.g. 100 m Sprint at the start of the race when the gun goes off.

13. Balance - Skill Balance is the ability to hold a position still.
Sports where Balance is needed:
Gymnastics e.g. On the balance beam.

14. Coordination - Skill
Coordination is the ability to use two or more body parts together.
Sports where Coordination is needed:
Cricket e.g. To hit the ball with the bat.

15. Power - Skill
Power is the ability to undertake strength performances quickly.
Sports where Power is needed:
Athletics e.g. When taking off in Long Jump or Triple Jump.

16. Agility - Skill Agility is the ability to change direction quickly.
Sports where Agility is needed:
Football e.g. Changing direction when dribbling with the ball.