1. 10 The Renaissance Renaissance, Art and Society WHAT YOU WILL LEARN
At the end of this chapter you should understand ...
What was the Renaissance?
The reasons why the Renaissance began in Italy.
The main features of art, architecture, painting and learning.
The lives of important Renaissance artists, scientists and writers.

2. How do we know about the Renaissance?
ART – Examples of paintings, sculpture and architecture as illustrated in this chapter.
DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE – letters, notebooks and books written by the artists or about them.

3. Why did the Renaissance begin in Italy?
Milan
Venice
Mantua
Ruins of ancient Rome
Lucca
Florence
Siena
Papal States
Wealth of Italian cities
Why did the Renaissance begin in Italy?
City-states
Rome
Naples
Kingdom of Naples
The printing press
Fall of Constantinople

4. Differences between Medieval and Renaissance Art
Features
Themes and Subjects
People
Materials
Perspective
Frescoes

5. Differences between Medieval and Renaissance Art
– Architecture

6. Differences between Medieval and Renaissance Art
– Sculpture

7. Lorenzo de Medici and Patronage
Florence – centre of the Renaissance
Keen interest in the arts
Loved art and books, music and poetry
Collected ancient manuscripts
Copied manuscripts
Platonic Academy – scholars discussed Greek and Roman authors
Encouraged humanism
Sponsored Botticelli, Verrocchio, Leonardo da Vinci
School of sculpture
Michelangelo
Paid artists to produce paintings and sculptures, design buildings and tombs

8. Lorenzo de Medici and Patronage
What does Botticelli’s Adoration of the Magi tell you about patronage?

9. Gutenberg and the Printing Press
How did Gutenberg print books?

10. Gutenberg and the Printing Press
Effects of the printing press
Plentiful supply of books; more difficult to censor ideas; lessened the control of the Catholic Church over ideas.
Books were cheaper.
Spread of literacy (reading and writing).
More education.
The decline of Latin as books were now printed in the language of the people (vernacular).
Spread of new ideas, which led to the Age of Exploration and the Reformation.

11. Leonardo da Vinci – Painter, Sculptor, Scientist
What are the features of The Virgin of the Rocks?

12. Leonardo da Vinci – Painter, Sculptor, Scientist
What are the features of The Last Supper?

13. Leonardo da Vinci – Painter, Sculptor, Scientist
What did Leonardo write about in his notebooks?

14. Leonardo da Vinci – Painter, Sculptor, Scientist
What are the features of Mona Lisa?

15. Michelangelo – Sculptor, Painter, Poet and Architect
How do these sculptures show Michelangelo’s skill as a sculptor?

16. Michelangelo – Sculptor, Painter, Poet and Architect
What are the main features of this painting on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel?

17. Michelangelo – Sculptor, Painter, Poet and Architect
What are the main features of The Last Judgement?

18. Michelangelo – Sculptor, Painter, Poet and Architect
Are these features of classical architecture?

19. Michelangelo – Sculptor, Painter, Poet and Architect
Historical debate:
Do you agree with Vasari that Michelangelo was the ‘artist who surpasses them all’.

20. Dürer – Artist of the Northern Renaissance
Visits by artists to Italy
The printing press
Patronage
Spread of the Renaissance to Northern Europe
Renaissance ideas along trade routes
Other Artists of the Northern Renaissance
Jan van Eyck
The Arnolfini Wedding
Pieter Bruegel
Children’s Games

21. Dürer – Artist of the Northern Renaissance
Dürer as an engraver

22. Dürer – Artist of the Northern Renaissance
What do these paintings tell you about Dürer as a painter?

23. Galileo – Scientist, Astronomer, ‘Father of Modern Science’
Pisa-born
Swaying of chandelier in Pisa Cathedral
Pendulum
Professor of Mathematics at Padua University

24. Galileo – Scientist, Astronomer, ‘Father of Modern Science’
The theory of the speed of falling bodies
Use of telescope
Mountains and craters on the moon
Four moons around Jupiter
Sunspots
What were Galileo’s discoveries?

25. Galileo – Scientist, Astronomer, ‘Father of Modern Science’
Jupiter
Jupiter
Sun
Earth
Earth
Sun
Ancient Greek and Roman view of the universe
Copernicus’ view of the universe
Why did Galileo come into conflict with the Catholic Church?

26. Renaissance Medicine Medical Advances Surgery
William Harvey – circulation of blood
Medical Advances
Observation experimentation
Vesalius, On the Structure of the Human Body
The printing press

27. William Shakespeare – Dramatist and Poet
Stratford-on-Avon
Vernacular
Globe Theatre, London
38 plays
Tragedies
Comedies
Histories
Sonnets
Why is Shakespeare so famous?

28. William Shakespeare – Dramatist and Poet
How were Shakespeare’s plays performed?

29. The Influence of the Renaissance
Old ideas questioned in all aspects of knowledge
New ideas led to the Age of Exploration and the Reformation (see Year 2)
Influence of the Renaissance
Printing press spreads education and literacy
Developments in painting, sculpture and architecture: perspective, sfumato, classical architecture
New knowledge discovered in science, medicine and geography