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Atomic Structure.

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Presentation on theme: "Atomic Structure."— Presentation transcript:

1 Atomic Structure

2 Democritus (460 -370 BC) “Father of the Atom”
Proposed all matter composed of fundamental particles Named them atoms, from the Greek atomon (indivisible)

3 Dalton (1808) Developed an atomic theory based on elements
Elements combine to form compounds Atoms are unchangeable

4 Mendeleev (1869) Arranged elements into groups – periodic table
Correctly predicted other elements that must exist to fill gaps in the table Table hints at some inner structure of atoms

5 G.J. Stoney (1874) Proposes electricity composed of discrete particles
Eventually names his particle the electron

6 J.J. Thomson (1897) Confirms the existence of the electron by studying CRT’s Discovers the electron is a subatomic particle

7 Thomson’s Plum Pudding Model
electrons Positive “pudding”

8 Rutherford (1911) Probed the structure of atoms in a thin gold foil with positive alpha particles

9

10 Rutherford Scattering

11 Rutherford Atom

12 Bohr (1922) Developed orbital model of atom that explained the structure of the periodic table

13 DeBroglie (1923) Wave-particle duality Electrons form “standing waves”

14 Schrödinger and Born (1926)
Wave mechanics and probability interpretation of quantum mechanics Leads to development of quantum theory of the atom – electrons not in orbitals, only “clouds” of probable location

15 Gell-Man and Zweig (1964) Hadrons (including protons and neutrons) composed of quarks Leads to the Standard Model

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