1. Optoelectronic Integration
Emory Coughlin-Tarvas
EE4611
4/14/2017

2. Introduction What is optical integration Some problems that we face
Importance
Elements
Applications
Summary
References
5 key points

3. Photonic Integrated Circuit (PIC)
Integrated circuits with optic and electronic components
Made by Photolithography and other new forms of integration
Materials used
Lithium Niobate
Gallium Arsenide
Indium Phosphide
Silica on Silicon

4. What’s the point? Optical frequencies: Fiber Optics have minimal loss
From 4x Hz to 2x Hz
Infrared to Ultraviolet
Fiber Optics have minimal loss
Minimal Noise
Low Voltage and Power input
High data transfer rates
High speeds

5. Photon vs Electron Photon Electron Small interaction between photons
Propagate outside the medium and for longer distances
Electron
Larger interaction between electrons
Propagate only inside or on the material

6. Fiber (Silica)
Metallic Wire (Copper)
Material
SiO2 Cu
Loss
Low
High
Speed
Bandwidth
Size
Small
Weight
Very Light
Light
Interference/Noise
Cost
Very Cheap
Cheap

7. What is on a PIC chip?
Unlike electronic integrated circuits, there is no primary device
Waveguides
Power Splitters
Optical Amplifiers
Lasers
Detectors

8. Waveguides
Three types
Planar
Linear
Cylindrical

9. Integrated Lasers Types: Advantages: Gas Solid-State Semiconductor
VCSEL
Advantages:
Compact
Low power consumption
High-Speed Modulation
Tunable

10. Problem with Pic’s today
These elements require a variety of integration techniques and materials
Feature size is large
Integration density is low
Expensive
Software is not powerful enough to test yet

11. Applications Fiber-Optic communications Biomedical Photonic computing
Big data computing

12. Intel
The only fully integrated silicon photonics solution with Intel's hybrid laser technology
100 Gigabits per second
Wanting to get to 400 Gbps in the future

13. Summary
There are many benefits to using optical elements including low power consumption and high speeds
The problems we are running into so far are that it is too expensive to make and try at this point
As of right now optoelectronics are mostly used in communications

14. ReSources
photonics/silicon-photonics-overview.html
nic+integrated+circuit+reasons&source=bl&ots=UpZmGJg4O7&sig=4Sn4z1w5bG- K2JTI6qkc6QG5kX4&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjNx7_K5ujSAhWJg1QKHZi3BjoQ6AEIPD AE#v=onepage&q&f=false

15. 5 key concepts
Speed and efficiency is high, also made with cheap and light materials.
Hard to physically make because of technological barriers.
Used in many fields including communications, computing, biomedical, and power systems.
Fiber optics have low loss and cause minimal noise
They can be used at high frequencies with high bandwidth