1. Discussion session: other (crazy
Discussion session: other (crazy ?) ideas for High-Energy Astroparticle Experiments
TAE Sept Barcelona
Manel Martinez

2. How to go beyond: - KM3Net for HE Neutrinos. - AUGER North for UHE CRs
How to go beyond: - KM3Net for HE Neutrinos ? - AUGER North for UHE CRs ? - CTA for gamma rays ?

3. Other possible HE neutrino detection techniques ?...

4. Detection of extra-terrestrial neutrinos
Optical Cherenkov
Atmospheric showers
Radio
Acoustic
In Ice
In water
Earth based
In space
Earth based
In space
Baikal
ANTARES
NEMO
NESTOR
ANITA
FORTE
AMANDA B-10
AMANDA II
IceCube
Auger
EUSO
OWL
RICE
GLUE
SalSA
CODALEMA
ARIANNA
SAUND
SADCO (Greece)
ANTARES R&D
IceCube
AUTEC
AGAM
KM3NeT

5. UHE neutrinos: Detection alternatives
Inclined Showers: Deep showers
Downgoing neutrinos interacting in the atmosphere
All flavors
Earth-skimming neutrinos
nt interacts at Earth crust
t exits to atmosphere
t decay generates an upcoming air shower
Coherent Radio pulses
Ice: RICE, ANITA
Salt: Salsa
Moon: Glue, Lunaska
Coherent sound (1500 km3, 100 hydroph/km3)

6. Radio detection ?...

7. Cherenkov in radio (Askary’an 1960)
But Ne-> Ne+
Coherence e- and e+ cancel !!
Compton e- g e+ e-
Annihilation
Bhabha e- e+
Möller e-
media electrons

8. Askary’an predicted ~10% charge excess
ICE
ZHS:FH,TS,EZ, PRD(91)
Askary’an predicted ~10% charge excess

9. SLAC experiment: sand & salt
Bunches of ~ GeV bremss g in sand & salt: Total energy (sand) ~ 6 x 1017 – 1019 eV .
Askaryan effect confirmed!!!
E-field ~ Ebunch
MC vs Data
Polarized
SAND
D. Saltzberg et al. PRL 86 (2001)
P.W. Gorham et al. astro-ph/
Pulse correlated to charge excess

10. Efield ~25% Ne ~ Eshower power ~ Eshower 2
The radio technique
Efield ~25% Ne ~ Eshower power ~ Eshower 2
MOON REGOLITH

11. Many experiments around the world
1017 eV < Ethreshold < 1020 eV
GLUE
ICE
Kalyazin
NuMoon
RICE
AURA ARIANNA
MOON, ...
ANITA
R.J. Protheroe,
R. Ekers et al.
FORTE

12. Acoustic detection ?...

13. AMADEUS (Antares Modules for Acoustic DEtection Under the Sea)

14. SPATS an Acoustic Array at the South Pole

15. IceCube Future Plans Deep Core Multi-messenger astronomy
Greatly enhances IceCube sensitivity to lower energy ’s
Lower mass solar WIMPs
Atmospheric neutrinos
Six new strings
60 high QE DOMs in clear ice
First string deployed 08/09,
Remaining strings deployed 09/10
Multi-messenger astronomy
Correlations with ROTSE, AGILE, MAGIC, and LIGO
New Technologies
3 Prototype digital radio strings deployed with IceCube strings
4 Hydrophones deployed above IceCube
Dust concentration
Very
clear
ice
D. Cowen, Neutrino 2008

16. Other possible UHE CR detection techniques ?...

20. Other possible VHE gamma ray detection techniques ?...

21. HAWC: The High Altitude Water Cherenkov Experiment
300 water Cherenkov
Sierra Negra observatory (Mexico, 4100 m asl) near pico Orizaba

22. A 5 meter diameter tank as simulated in Geant4 for a single vertical muon. The number of photons are reduced by a factor of 50 for vizualization.

23. Discussion:
Pros and cons of a VHE gamma ray particle detector at the moon…
does it make sense ?