1. Limited psychosocial stimulation and nutritional problems as associates of developmental performances of children in extreme poverty in Jimma, Ethiopia
Berhanu N. Worku
Co-authors:Teklu G. Abessa, Marleen Vanvuchelen, Liesbeth Bruckers, Patrick Kolsteren & Marita Granitzer

2. OVERVIEW BACKGROUND 385 mln chil. in extreme poverty
About 50 % in Sub-Saharan Africa
Lack adequate care
Face developmental & health risks

3. OVERVIEW BACKGROUND… Extreme poverty is associated with:
→ malnutrition,
→ poor sanitation and hygiene,
→ inadequate stimulation at home
→ poor maternal education,
→ increased maternal stress & depression,
→ restricted learning opportunities, …

4. OVERVIEW
OBJECTIVES
To compare the developmental outcomes of extremely poor children & age-matched reference children
To examine whether undernutrition & limited psychosocial stimulation, independently, were related to developmental outcomes

5. OVERVIEW
DESIGN
A cross-sectional study design was used

6. OVERVIEW METHODOLOGY Sample size: 1,638 (n1= 819 & n2 = 819)
Denver II-Jimma: PS, FM, LA & GM
ASQ:SE: Social-emotional
Anthropometric method: HAZ, WHZ & WAZ
A questionnaire: Psychosocial stimulation
Data analysis: t-test & Multiple regression

7. OVERVIEW TIMELINE Protocol ethically approved: 13 Feb., 2013
Start of data collection: 1 March, 2013
End of data collection: 2 Oct., 2013
Completed in 6 months

8. FINDINGS CURRENT STATUS Data collection & analysis completed
Manuscript submitted to BMC pediatrics
Under review since 13th Feb., 2017

9. KEY FINDINGS
Children in extreme poverty performed less well in all the five dev’tal outcomes
Stunting was negatively associated with all the dev’tal outcomes
Limited play activities, child-to-child & mother- child interactions were negatively related mainly to:
gross motor & language performances

10. FINDINGS Main challenges Finding mothers at their homes
The living conditions of the families

11. RECOMMENDATION
Early home-based developmental stimulation & nutritional rehabilitation are needed

12. CONCLUSIONS
Children in extreme poverty are at risk of dev’tal & nutritional problems
They are also exposed to less favorable psychosocial conditions
Stunting & limited psychosocial factors negatively affected their dev’tal outcomes independently

13. THANK YOU !