1. Chapter 3 Section 4
Southern Colonies

2. Maryland George Calvert, Lord Baltimore Catholic
Wanted a safe place for Catholics who were persecuted in England
Died before he received the grant
His son, Cecilius, inherited the colony
Named after the Virgin Mary.

3. Maryland Chesapeake Bay; up the Potomac River Fertile countryside
Tobacco
Corn
Fruit
Vegetables
Livestock

4. Baltimore Main settlement of Maryland
Had large estates for close relatives and aristocrats from England
Promised 100 acres to each male settler, 100 for his wife, 100 for each servant, 50 for each child
Also imported African slaves and indentured servants

5. MASON – DIXON LINE
Calvert and Penn families argued over boundary between the colonies.
1760s; hired two British astronomers
Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon
Rocks were painted to create a visual boundary line
Boundary line between the North and South
Pennsylvania
Maryland

6. ACT OF TOLERATION, 1649 Protestants outnumbered Catholics in Maryland
Calvert had to create a law to protect the Catholics
This law allowed Protestants and Catholics the right to worship freely.

7. VIRGINIA EXPANDS
Wealthy tobacco owners in Virginia had the best lands near the coast.
New settlers were forced to move inland.
Governor Berkeley sent explorers over the Blue Ridge Mountains to open up the Virginia territory.
William Berkeley

8. BACON’S REBLLION Arrived at Jamestown when he was 26.
Had gotten into a lot of trouble in England and his father hoped that sending him to Virginia would straighten him out.
He was a cousin to the governor’s wife.

9. BACON’S REBELLION
After only one year in Virginia, he became a member of the governor’s council.
Previously, only wealthy land owners who had been in the colony for a period of time were allowed to be on the council.

10. BACON’S REBLLION
Berkeley had told the Native Americans that the settlers would stay off their lands.
Bacon, however, opposed the governor.
Many refused to stay out of the lands in the west.

11. BACON’S REBELLION
1676
Bacon led a rebellion of westerners in an attack on Native American villages.
Then, he set fire to the capital and drove Berkeley into exile.
The rebellion ended when Bacon died.
Showed that the colonists were not willing to be restricted to the coast.

14. CAROLINAS
1663
King Charles II created a large colony south of Virginia
Named Carolina. This meant “Charles’ land.”
1680 – main settlement – Charles Town
The colony eventually separated into North and South Carolina

15. CAROLINAS Settled mostly by farmers
Grew tobacco and sold timber products
Did not have a good harbor
Relied on Virginia’s ports and merchants to conduct their trade
North Carolina

16. CAROLINAS Fertile farmland Great harbor at Charles Town
Eliza Lucas – page 89
Slave labor
Island of Barbados
Slaves were used to produce sugar on the island
Worked rice fields in Carolina
By 1708, more than half the people in southern Carolina were slaves
South Carolina

17. GEORGIA James Oglethorpe
A colony for English debtors and poor people could make a fresh start
Also used as a buffer to the Spanish settlements in Florida
Savannah – main settlement
1751 colony failed and was given back to the crown
James Oglethorpe

18. NEW FRANCE Quebec Fur trapping Trade Fishing
Built forts and trading posts
Worked with the Native Americans and became friends
No permanent settlements

19. NEW SPAIN Mexico, the Caribbean, Central and South America.
Also expanded into western and southern parts of what would one day be the United States.
1609 / 1610 – established Santa Fe
Spanish priests created a string of missions to Christianize the Indians

20. EUROPEAN CONFLICTS IN NORTH AMERICA
Britain and Spain
Britain and France
France and Spain
When fighting broke out in Europe, it would often break out between the colonists; especially those in Georgia and Florida