1. Ensuring a safe workplace
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HAZARD AND RISK MANAGEMENT

2. The term Hazard is defined in ISO standards as the source of potential harm ( ISO, 2009) ‘Hazard is something that has the potential to cause harm to people, property or the environment.
Hazard

3. Risk a situation or event where something of human value( including human themselves) has been put at stake and where the outcome is uncertain
Risk is the chance of something happening that will have an impact on objectives
The effect of uncertainty on objectives
The risk is exposure to a proposition that is uncertain.
Risk

4. A control is a mechanism or process that minimizes the risk of the hazard becoming actual so protects people, property or the environment from the identified hazard.
Control

5. Risk management Process
(please note, this diagram is a simple representation of the risk management process from AS/NZS ISO 31000:2009).
Step 1
Identify hazards within workplace
Step 2
Assess the risk
( Risk analysis and evaluation )
Step 3
Eliminate or control the risk
Step 4
Review control ( Monitoring and review )
Risk management Process

6. Risk Management Process

7. Step 1- Identification of hazards
Identifying Hazards in the workplace involves finding things and situations that could potentially cause harm to people. Hazards can be identified by observing, inspecting, investigating,, communicating and consulting with employees in the workplace and making a record of the hazards identified.
Step 1- Identification of hazards

8. Step1- Identify hazards
Hazards generally arise from the following aspects of work and their interaction
Physical work environment
Equipment, material and substances used
Work tasks and how they are performed
Work design and management ,
Step1- Identify hazards

9. Understanding of hazards and risks
Hazards and risks are not the same thing.
Hazard- A situation or thing that has the potential to harm a person example- hazards at work may include: noisy machinery, a moving forklift, chemicals, electricity, working at heights, a repetitive job, bullying at the workplace.
Risk- The possibility that harm( death, injury or illness) might occur when exposed to a hazard.
Understanding of hazards and risks

10. Understanding of hazards and risks
The relationship between hazard and risk is illustrated by the examples below
Hazard
Risk
Substance : Carcinogen
The likelihood a person might contract cancer from the long term use of benzene being used as a solvent at workplace
Substance; Infected blood
The likelihood that worker might sustain a needle stick injury and become infected whilst taking a blood sample from a person with infected blood
Circular saw
The likelihood that a worker might suffer a severe cut to the forearm while cutting timber for a project.
Understanding of hazards and risks

11. Risk assessment is the process of determining the level of risk associated with a hazard.
All risk assessments are to be conducted in consultation with Health and Safety representative and employees including
Health and safety committee ( Where relevant)
Other relevant employees, contractors, and important stakeholders
Step 2 – Risk Assessment

12. Risk assessment involves considering the possible results of someone being exposed to a hazard and the likelihood of this occurring. A risk assessment assists in determining
How severe a risk is
Whether existing control measures are effective
What action should be taken to control risk
How urgently action needs to be taken.
Risk assessment

13. Risk assessment (Risk analysis and evaluation)
Risk assessment is the assessment of likelihood of event and its consequences Assessment of Likelihood Assessment of likelihood is depend on probability and frequency of exposure to hazard Assessment of Consequence Likely outcome of the potential consequences resulting from exposure to hazard
Risk assessment (Risk analysis and evaluation)

14. Risk assessment Identify risks Anticipate Risk assessment Understand
Analyze risks
Understand
Evaluate risk
Decide
Risk assessment

15. Risk analysis Qualitative risk analysis Semi quantitative risk analysis Quantitative risk analysis
Risk Assessment

16. Qualitative risk analysis Qualitative analysis uses word form or descriptive scales to describe the magnitude of potential consequences and the likelihood that those consequences will occur
Risk Assessment

17. Risk matrix of Qualitative Analysis

18. Risk Matrix of Qualitative Analysis
definitions of probability
Almost certain - Is expected to occur in most circumstances
Likely - Will probably occur in most circumstances
Possible - Might occur occasionally
Unlikely - Could occur some time
Rare- May occur only in exceptional circumstances
Risk Matrix of Qualitative Analysis

19. Risk matrix of qualitative analysis
Definitions of Consequences
Catastrophic- Death, Permanent disability, huge financial loss
Major - Extensive injuries, hospital treatment required, major financial loss
Moderate- Injury requiring medical treatment and some lost time
Minor- First aid treatment,
Insignificant- Injuries requiring no treatment or first aid
Risk matrix of qualitative analysis

20. Risk matrix of qualitative analysis
Definitions of risk level
Very High - Immediate action required
High- Senior management action required
Moderate- Management responsibility specified
Low- Managed by routine procedures
Risk matrix of qualitative analysis

21. Quantitative risk analysis Quantitative risk analysis uses numerical values for both consequences and likelihood
Risk assessment

22. Quantitative risk matrix

23. Often a series of controls should be implemented to reduce the risk posed by a hazard. The hierarchy of risk control(next slide) is useful in determining appropriate or interim risk control measures.
The best method of controlling a risk is to eliminate the hazard –(it is not always possible to do this immediately)
Step 3 – Control the risk

25. Understanding the level of risk and fill the risk assessment format

26. Risk Assessment format
Hazard
Current Controls
Likelihood
Consequence
Current risk
Proposed controls
Residual risk 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Risk Assessment format

27. Prepare risk assessment for manual handling for room attendants of hotel staff or heat stress in kitchen staff.
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