1. BELLWORK Define the following words: Humanism Individualism Secular
THINKER: How do you think people read before books? In today’s society, what are books being replaced by?

2. The Renaissance
Entrepreneurs are simply those who understand that there is little difference between obstacle and opportunity and are able to turn both to their advantage Niccolo Machiavelli

3. The Origins of the Renaissance
The Renaissance begins in Italy and spreads north to the rest of Europe
Italy was the center of trade between northern Europe and Africa
It was the center of Greco-Roman culture
It was the center of the Catholic
Church
The Renaissance is a period between

4. Italian City-States
Italy was made up of five city-states, each with their own characteristics and governments
Florence is considered the birthplace of the Renaissance
Venice was a major trading port and helped spread the Renaissance
Milan’s connection to France encouraged the spread of the Renaissance
Naples and the Papal States helped spread the Renaissance through trade and religion

5. The Beginning The term Renaissance means “rebirth” in Latin
It was the rebirth of art and learning
It was influenced by very powerful families such as the Medici family
The Medici’s were bankers out of Florence
The families gave support to various artists

6. Characteristics of the Renaissance
Humanism
Individualism
Questioning Attitude
Interest in Secular, or non-religious worldly matters
Rise of the middle class (disposable income)
Great achievements in the arts

7. Humanism
Humanism is the idea that is focused on human achievements and potential rather than religious themes
Focused on the man and his world
Concentrated on everyday human problems and relationships
Humanists focus on pleasure rather than morality

8. Humanism
The secular nature of humanism, as well as its questioning attitude, often brought it into conflict with the traditional teachings of the Catholic Church and Medieval thinking

9. Art and Patronage Italians were willing to spend a lot of money on art
Art communicated political, spiritual and social values
Public art in Florence was organized and supported by guilds
Therefore, art was used as a form of competition for social and political status

10. Medieval Art
Artists depicted subjects in an unrealistic two dimensional style to indicate the importance of the soul over the body

11. Characteristics of Renaissance Art
Three dimensional
Realistic
Lifelike
Influenced by Greco-Roman culture
Use of oil paint
“Baptism of Christ” (Da Vinci)

12. Italian Renaissance Artists
Leonardo Da Vinci
Michelangelo
Raphael
Donatello

13. Leonardo Da Vinci Da Vinci was considered the “Renaissance Man”
Was a painter, sculptor, inventor, and a scientist
(The Vitruvian Man, 1485)

14. Leonardo Da Vinci “The Last Supper”

15. Leonardo Da Vinci “Mona Lisa”

16. Raphael “The School of Athens”

17. Raphael “The Alba Madonna”

18. Michelangelo “The Sistine Chapel”

19. Michelangelo “David”

20. Michelangelo “Pieta”

21. Donatello bronze “David”
First unsupported standing work in bronze during the Renaissance period

22. Renaissance Writers
Began to use the vernacular (vernacular = the native language) instead of classical Latin
Machiavelli, who wrote “The Prince”– a handbook for behavior

23. Machiavelli Machiavelli was a political philosopher
“The Prince” advised kings how to rule
In Machiavellian way of thinking, there are no means in which the end does not justify (The end justifies the means)

24. The Renaissance Moves North
Because of the plague, it was not until 1450 that northern Europe enjoyed the economic growth that helped support the Renaissance in Italy
Northern artists and writers imitated Italian styles while adding new methods and ideas of their own
As a result of the printing press, books became more available and people became more literate

25. William Shakespeare
The best known Renaissance writer was William Shakespeare
Between 1590 and 1613 he wrote 37 plays that are still preformed around the world

26. The Printing Revolution
In 1456, Johann Gutenberg printed the bible using movable metal type on a machine called a Printing Press
Printed books became cheap and easier to produce than hand copies
Now, readers gained access to broad range of knowledge (Medicine to Religion)
The printing press would greatly contribute to the Protestant Reformation

27. CLOSURE What is the Renaissance?
Where did the Renaissance start? (country and city!)
What were some characteristics of Renaissance art? How is this different from Medieval art?
Who were some of the most influential Renaissance artists?