1. Ecological Relationships

2. Symbiosis
Different species living in close association with one another. Involves an active role by two living things.
There are three types of symbiosis

3. 1. Mutualism
The type of interaction where both individuals benefit from the relationship

4. 2. Parasitism
The type of interaction where one individual is benefited and one is harmed
Parasite: The feeding organism
Host: The carrier

5. Type of Parasitism
Predator-Prey
Predator: The hunter
Prey: The hunted

6. 3. Commensalism
The type of interaction where one individual benefits and one is unaffected by the relationship

7. Ecological Transfer of Energy
Examined through trophic levels
Organisms position in the transfer sequence

8. Trophic Level Organization
Producers: Photosynthetic organisms that convert the Earth’s only source of energy, the sun, into organic compounds (glucose).
Account for the largest biomass.

9. Consumers (heterotrophs)
- Organisms that must take in organic compounds for energy, can be herbivores (vegetarians), carnivores (meat eaters), omnivores (both).

10. Detrivores/Decomposers
Feed exclusively on and breakdown dead things, can occupy any consumer trophic level depending on meal.

11. Trophic level determined by meal choice
1. Primary consumer = feeds on producers
2. Secondary consumer = feeds on primary consumers
3. Tertiary consumer = feeds on secondary consumers

12. Biological energy and Biomass decreases as trophic level increases
Biological energy and Biomass decreases as trophic level increases. (Energy Pyramid)

13. Food Chain
A single pathway of feeding relationships.

14. Food Web
A system of interrelated food chains

15. Energy Pyramid

16. Biomass Pyramid

17. Numbers Pyramid
1 Bird
2 Fish
4 Water Shrimp
7 Daphnia
10 Algae